Importance and breeding of barley and oats

Abstract

The poor competitive position of barley and oats in relation to maize and wheat is the main reason behind the decreasing acreages planted under these two crops. In Serbia, the reduced areas in barley and oats are primarily a result of decreased livestock production and a negligible volume of barley and oat export. The existing range of malting and feed barley varieties developed at Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad provides a good genetic basis for the production of top quality malt and animal feed. The NS spring oats cultivars Novosadski Golozrni, Dunav and Vrbas are characterized by good grain quality and adaptedness to the conditions in Serbia and the Balkans. The grains of these cultivars are 20 % protein and up to 8 % fat.

Slabija konkurentska pozicija ječma i ovsa u odnosu na kukuruz i pšenicu osnovni je razlog smanjenja površina pod ove dve biljne vrste. Smanjenje površina pod ječmom i ovsem u Srbiji posledica je pre svega smanjenja stočarske proizvodnje i beznačajne proizvodnje za izvoz. Postojeći novosadski sortiment pivskog i stočnog ječma obezbeđuje genetsku osnovu za proizvodnju kvalitetnog slada i dobre stočne hrane. Novosadske sorte jarog ovsa Novosadski golozrni, Dunav i Vrbas odlikuju se dobrom adaptiranošću na uslove Srbije i Balkana, kao i kvalitetom zrna. Kod ovih sorti sadržaj proteina u zrnu iznosi do 20 %, a sadržaj masti do 8 %.