Rezerve i redukcija organske materije u zemlјištu
Reserves and reduction of organic matter in the soil
2022
Download 🢃
Authors
Vasin, JovicaNinkov, Jordana
Vidojević, Dragana
Milić, Stanko
Živanov, Milorad
Contributors
Belanović Simić, SnežanaBook part (Published version)
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Uprkos četiri veka istraživanja organske materije u zemljištu, opšte prihvaćena, standardizovana definicija još uvek nedostaje (Kleber i Johnson, 2010). Organska materija u zemljištu je, nakon okeana, najveći rezervoar ugljenika na Zemlji (dvostruko veći od atmosfere i tri puta veći od biotičkog ugljenika). Time predstavlja mogućnost ublažavanja klimatskih promena izazvanih gasovima staklene bašte, od kojih je jedan CO2. Pravilnim upravljanjem zemljištem (prvenstveno u poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji) moguće je vezivanje ugljenika u organskoj materiji zemljišta, čime bi se izbegao njegov negativan uticaj u atmosferi. Iako organska materija predstavlja samo oko 5% ukupne zapremine zemljišta (kao deo čvrste faze uz mineralni deo i gasovitu i tečnu fazu zemljišta), ona predstavlja njen najaktivniji deo. Ona je od značaja za uspostavljanje optimalne strukture i vodnog, vazdušnog i toplotnog režima zemljišta (Miljković, 2005). Gubitak organske materije je prepoznat kao degradacioni proces i jed...na od najozbiljnijih pretnji zemljištima u svetu (Stolte et al., 2015; Pierzynski, 2017), kao i kod nas (Vasin i sar, 2021), zbog ključne uloge koju organski materijal ima na mnoge funkcije zemljišta, kao što su proizvodnja hrane i biomasa, skladištenje i filtriranje, biološko stanište i genska baza itd.
Besides parent material, relief, time and anthropogenic influence, climate and living organisms are soil-forming factors with the most profound effect on the content of soil organic matter. Humans can contribute to soil quality improvement by humization and other soil management practices (green manuring, adequate crop rotation, sustainable soil cultivation). However, a decline in the humus content is the prevailing effect of human activity on soils. Organic matter reserves in soils of Serbia have been monitored extensively and an approximate 0.38% decline in the humus content in cultivated soils poses a threat to future agricultural production. This negative trend accelerated in the 1990s and in the first decade of the twentieth century, resulting in a 0.5% decline in soil humus content in 2011-2013. The decline in humus content depends on the soil type, and it is most dramatic in chernozem soils for several reasons: reduced organic fertilization (manuring), inadequate tillage (freque...ncy, depth), burning or unplanned removal of crop residues, etc. Soil organic matter decline is not only directly caused by soil management practices, but also by global factors, particularly climate change. To increase the content of humus in soils, the chapter proposes other management practices besides livestock increase, such as the use of organic compost from the food industry and urban organic waste, and subsidies to farmers by the state authorities in the form of green manure, adequate mechanization and equipment for shredding and incorporation of crop residues into soils.
Keywords:
organic matter / humus / soil classification / degradation / humization / organska materija / klasifikacija zemljišta / degradacija zemljištaSource:
Procena degradacije zemljišta: metode i modeli, 2022, 442-457Publisher:
- Beograd : Univerzitet u Beogradu, Šumarski fakultet
- Beograd : Srpsko društvo za proučavanje zemljišta
Funding / projects:
- Status, trends and possibilities to increase the fertility of agricultural land in the Vojvodina Province (RS-MESTD-Technological Development (TD or TR)-31072)
- Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia, institutional funding - 200116 (University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture) (RS-MESTD-inst-2020-200116)
- Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia, institutional funding - 200117 (University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture) (RS-MESTD-inst-2020-200117)
Collections
Institution/Community
FiVeRTY - CHAP AU - Vasin, Jovica AU - Ninkov, Jordana AU - Vidojević, Dragana AU - Milić, Stanko AU - Živanov, Milorad PY - 2022 UR - http://fiver.ifvcns.rs/handle/123456789/4649 AB - Uprkos četiri veka istraživanja organske materije u zemljištu, opšte prihvaćena, standardizovana definicija još uvek nedostaje (Kleber i Johnson, 2010). Organska materija u zemljištu je, nakon okeana, najveći rezervoar ugljenika na Zemlji (dvostruko veći od atmosfere i tri puta veći od biotičkog ugljenika). Time predstavlja mogućnost ublažavanja klimatskih promena izazvanih gasovima staklene bašte, od kojih je jedan CO2. Pravilnim upravljanjem zemljištem (prvenstveno u poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji) moguće je vezivanje ugljenika u organskoj materiji zemljišta, čime bi se izbegao njegov negativan uticaj u atmosferi. Iako organska materija predstavlja samo oko 5% ukupne zapremine zemljišta (kao deo čvrste faze uz mineralni deo i gasovitu i tečnu fazu zemljišta), ona predstavlja njen najaktivniji deo. Ona je od značaja za uspostavljanje optimalne strukture i vodnog, vazdušnog i toplotnog režima zemljišta (Miljković, 2005). Gubitak organske materije je prepoznat kao degradacioni proces i jedna od najozbiljnijih pretnji zemljištima u svetu (Stolte et al., 2015; Pierzynski, 2017), kao i kod nas (Vasin i sar, 2021), zbog ključne uloge koju organski materijal ima na mnoge funkcije zemljišta, kao što su proizvodnja hrane i biomasa, skladištenje i filtriranje, biološko stanište i genska baza itd. AB - Besides parent material, relief, time and anthropogenic influence, climate and living organisms are soil-forming factors with the most profound effect on the content of soil organic matter. Humans can contribute to soil quality improvement by humization and other soil management practices (green manuring, adequate crop rotation, sustainable soil cultivation). However, a decline in the humus content is the prevailing effect of human activity on soils. Organic matter reserves in soils of Serbia have been monitored extensively and an approximate 0.38% decline in the humus content in cultivated soils poses a threat to future agricultural production. This negative trend accelerated in the 1990s and in the first decade of the twentieth century, resulting in a 0.5% decline in soil humus content in 2011-2013. The decline in humus content depends on the soil type, and it is most dramatic in chernozem soils for several reasons: reduced organic fertilization (manuring), inadequate tillage (frequency, depth), burning or unplanned removal of crop residues, etc. Soil organic matter decline is not only directly caused by soil management practices, but also by global factors, particularly climate change. To increase the content of humus in soils, the chapter proposes other management practices besides livestock increase, such as the use of organic compost from the food industry and urban organic waste, and subsidies to farmers by the state authorities in the form of green manure, adequate mechanization and equipment for shredding and incorporation of crop residues into soils. PB - Beograd : Univerzitet u Beogradu, Šumarski fakultet PB - Beograd : Srpsko društvo za proučavanje zemljišta T2 - Procena degradacije zemljišta: metode i modeli T1 - Rezerve i redukcija organske materije u zemlјištu T1 - Reserves and reduction of organic matter in the soil EP - 457 SP - 442 UR - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_fiver_4649 ER -
@inbook{ author = "Vasin, Jovica and Ninkov, Jordana and Vidojević, Dragana and Milić, Stanko and Živanov, Milorad", year = "2022", abstract = "Uprkos četiri veka istraživanja organske materije u zemljištu, opšte prihvaćena, standardizovana definicija još uvek nedostaje (Kleber i Johnson, 2010). Organska materija u zemljištu je, nakon okeana, najveći rezervoar ugljenika na Zemlji (dvostruko veći od atmosfere i tri puta veći od biotičkog ugljenika). Time predstavlja mogućnost ublažavanja klimatskih promena izazvanih gasovima staklene bašte, od kojih je jedan CO2. Pravilnim upravljanjem zemljištem (prvenstveno u poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji) moguće je vezivanje ugljenika u organskoj materiji zemljišta, čime bi se izbegao njegov negativan uticaj u atmosferi. Iako organska materija predstavlja samo oko 5% ukupne zapremine zemljišta (kao deo čvrste faze uz mineralni deo i gasovitu i tečnu fazu zemljišta), ona predstavlja njen najaktivniji deo. Ona je od značaja za uspostavljanje optimalne strukture i vodnog, vazdušnog i toplotnog režima zemljišta (Miljković, 2005). Gubitak organske materije je prepoznat kao degradacioni proces i jedna od najozbiljnijih pretnji zemljištima u svetu (Stolte et al., 2015; Pierzynski, 2017), kao i kod nas (Vasin i sar, 2021), zbog ključne uloge koju organski materijal ima na mnoge funkcije zemljišta, kao što su proizvodnja hrane i biomasa, skladištenje i filtriranje, biološko stanište i genska baza itd., Besides parent material, relief, time and anthropogenic influence, climate and living organisms are soil-forming factors with the most profound effect on the content of soil organic matter. Humans can contribute to soil quality improvement by humization and other soil management practices (green manuring, adequate crop rotation, sustainable soil cultivation). However, a decline in the humus content is the prevailing effect of human activity on soils. Organic matter reserves in soils of Serbia have been monitored extensively and an approximate 0.38% decline in the humus content in cultivated soils poses a threat to future agricultural production. This negative trend accelerated in the 1990s and in the first decade of the twentieth century, resulting in a 0.5% decline in soil humus content in 2011-2013. The decline in humus content depends on the soil type, and it is most dramatic in chernozem soils for several reasons: reduced organic fertilization (manuring), inadequate tillage (frequency, depth), burning or unplanned removal of crop residues, etc. Soil organic matter decline is not only directly caused by soil management practices, but also by global factors, particularly climate change. To increase the content of humus in soils, the chapter proposes other management practices besides livestock increase, such as the use of organic compost from the food industry and urban organic waste, and subsidies to farmers by the state authorities in the form of green manure, adequate mechanization and equipment for shredding and incorporation of crop residues into soils.", publisher = "Beograd : Univerzitet u Beogradu, Šumarski fakultet, Beograd : Srpsko društvo za proučavanje zemljišta", journal = "Procena degradacije zemljišta: metode i modeli", booktitle = "Rezerve i redukcija organske materije u zemlјištu, Reserves and reduction of organic matter in the soil", pages = "457-442", url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_fiver_4649" }
Vasin, J., Ninkov, J., Vidojević, D., Milić, S.,& Živanov, M.. (2022). Rezerve i redukcija organske materije u zemlјištu. in Procena degradacije zemljišta: metode i modeli Beograd : Univerzitet u Beogradu, Šumarski fakultet., 442-457. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_fiver_4649
Vasin J, Ninkov J, Vidojević D, Milić S, Živanov M. Rezerve i redukcija organske materije u zemlјištu. in Procena degradacije zemljišta: metode i modeli. 2022;:442-457. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_fiver_4649 .
Vasin, Jovica, Ninkov, Jordana, Vidojević, Dragana, Milić, Stanko, Živanov, Milorad, "Rezerve i redukcija organske materije u zemlјištu" in Procena degradacije zemljišta: metode i modeli (2022):442-457, https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_fiver_4649 .