@conference{
author = "Katanski, Snežana and Vasiljević, Sanja and Đorđević, Vuk and Mamlić, Zlatica and Tančić-Živanov, Sonja and Uhlarik, Ana and Dolapčev-Rakić, Anja",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Oplemeljivanje lucerke u Institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu započeto je posle
Drugog svetskog rata, korišćenjem autohtonih populacija, primenom masovne selekcije, kao
najstarije metode. Osnovu uspešnog oplemenjivanja lucerke čini bogata genetska kolekcija,
koja je prikupljana, ne samo od autohtonih populacija iz zemlje, već i razmenom materijala sa
domaćim i svetskim naučno-istraživačkim institucijama i gen bankama, kao i kroz učešće
istraživača u međunarodnim projektima. Oplemenjivanje lucerke u Institutu traje neprekidno
više od šest decenija, kroz nekoliko ciklusa, primenom različitih oplemenjivačkih metoda, što
je rezultiralo sa 22 sorte priznate u Srbiji i 9 sorti registrovanih u inostranstvu (EU,
Belorusija, Ukrajina, Turska, Maroko). Iz globalne perspektive, kraj 20. i početak 21. veka
obeležilo je uvođenje novog koncepta oplemenjivanja lucerke - semihibridno oplemenjivanje,
kao jedan od načina da se poveća prinos krme lucerke, a farmeri u narednim godinama mogu
očekivati nove, visokoprinosne i visokokvalitetne sorte lucerke. Savremene metoda
biotehnologije –molekularni markeri, koji su značajni sa aspekta povećanja efikasnosti
oplemenjivanja lucerke, takođe se intenzivno primenjuju u oplemenjivačkom radu.
Poslednjih godina, Institut se intenzivnije bavi oplemenjivačkim strategijama vezanim za
uvođenje genetičke osnove otpornosti na kisela zemljišta/Al tolerantnost korišćenjem
populacija diploidne lucerke (M. lessingii Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Kar.), što predstavlja prvi
pokušaj povećanja tolerantnosti lucerke na kisela zemljišta. U oplemenjivanju lucerke
istraživanja su usmerena ka stvaranju sorti visoke produkcije nadzemne biomase, kao i
proučavanje dugovečnosti – trajnosti sorti. Ispitivanje kvaliteta, posebno hranljive vrednosti i
svarljivosti krme, kao i povećanje nivoa otpornosti na ekonomski značajne bolesti i poleganje
lucerke, jedan su od pravaca rada na oplemenjivanju lucerke u Institutu., Breeding of alfalfa at the Institute of Field and Vegetables in Novi Sad began after the World
War II, using autochthonous populations, and mass selection, as the oldest breeding method.
The basis of successful alfalfa breeding is a rich genetic collection, which was collected not
only from indigenous populations, but also by the exchange of genotypes with domestic and
foreign research institutions and gene banks, as well as through the participation of researchers in international projects. Alfalfa breeding at the Institute has been going on
continuously for more than six decades, through several cycles, using different breeding
methods, which resulted in the development of 22 alfalfa cultivars in scribed in Serbia and 9
cultivars released abroad (EU, Belarus, Ukraine, Turkey, Morocco). From a global
perspective, the end of the 20 th and the beginning of the 21 st century was marked by the
introduction of a new concept of alfalfa breeding - semi-hybrid breeding, as one of the ways
to increase the alfalfa biomass yield, and feed producers can expect the release of new, high-
yielding and high-quality cultivars in the coming years. Modern methods of biotechnology -
molecular markers, which are significant from the aspect of increasing the efficiency of
alfalfa breeding, are also intensively applied in breeding work. In recent years, the Institute
has been more intensively dealing with breeding strategies related to the introduction of the
genetic basis of acid soil resistance/Al tolerance using diploid alfalfa (M. caerulea)
populations, which represents the first attempt to increase alfalfa tolerance to acid soils. In
alfalfa breeding, research is directed towards the creation of cultivars with high production of
biomass, as well as the study of the durability of the varieties. Testing the quality, especially
the nutritional value and digestibility of forage, as well as increasing the level of resistance to
economically significant diseases and alfalfa lodging, are one of the directions of work on
alfalfa breeding at the Institute.",
publisher = "Beograd : Društvo genetičara Srbije, Beograd : Društvo selekcionera i semenara Republike Srbije",
journal = "Zbornik apstrakata, 10. Simpozijum Društva selekcionera i semenara Republike Srbije i 7. Simpozijum sekcije za oplemenjivanje organizama Društva genetičara Srbije, Vrnjačka Banja, 16-18.10.2023.",
title = "Preko šest decenija posvećene izvrsnosti oplemenjivanju lucerke: od pionirskih početaka do genomske ere, Over six decades of excellence dedicated to alfalfa breeding: from pioneer beginnings to the genomic era",
pages = "40-39",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_fiver_3967"
}
