Efficiency of wheat mineral nutrition depending on intensity of fertilization

Abstract

Effects of mineral nutrition efficiency of wheat have been studied at the stationary field trial of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Rimski Šančevi for two years (2008/09 and 2009/10). In this paper, average yields from 20 treatments of increasing doses of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients are presented and the agronomic efficiency of applied nutrients is calculated. Nitrogen had a most significant impact on the yield of wheat. The largest yield increase with the one kilogram of nutrients applied was with nitrogen (on average for two years 32.20 kg grain/1 kg of N applied), phosphorus (10.52 kg grain/kg P2O5), and lowest for potassium (5.85 kg grain/kg K2O). Agronomic efficiency of nitrogen tended to decrease with increasing amounts of N-nutrients applied. The best efficiency of applied nitrogen fertilizers was on treatment with 50 kg N ha-1.

Ispitivanje efikasnosti mineralne ishrane ozime pšenice u dve proizvodne godine (2008/09 i 2009/10) izvedeno je na stacionarnom poljskom ogledu Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo na Rimskim Šančevima. U radu su dati prosečni prinosi pšenice na 20 varijanti đubrenja rastućim dozama azota, fosfora i kalijuma i obračunata je agronomska efikasnost primenjenih hraniva. Azot je imao značajno najveći uticaj na visinu prinosa pšenice. Najveće povećanje prinosa sa jednim kilogramom upotrebljenog hraniva bilo je kod azota (prosečno za dve godine 32,20 kg zrna/1 kg upotrebljenog N); zatim fosfora (10,52 kg zrna/kg P2O5), a najmanje kod kalijuma (5,85 kg/kg K2O). Agronomska efikasnost azota je imala tendenciju smanjenja sa povećanjem intenziteta đubrenja. Najveća efikasnost primenjenih azotnih đubriva bila je pri đubrenju sa 50 kg N ha-1.