Effect of hybrid, storage conditions and seed protection on sunflower field emergence

Abstract

Seed emergence under field conditions decisively and directly determines the number of plants per hectare, which is one of three basic components of yield in the plant world. Influence of chemical treatment on field emergence of three commercial sunflower hybrids stored in different conditions was tested in 2007 and 2008 on experimental field of Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad. On average, hybrid H1 had the highest value of field emergence (88.79%) and for chemical treatment fl udioxonil + metalaxyl + imidacloprid (87.71%). Seed kept in common storage had the highest emergence value in fi eld (87.92%). Seed treated with fl udioxonil + metalaxyl + imidacloprid and stored for one year in common storage had the highest field emergence (90.18%). Considering interaction between storage conditions and genotype, hybrid H1 seed sown after chemical treatment had the highest field emergence (91.82%) and seed kept in common storage (90.48%). Hybrid H1 seed compared with other two had the highest field emergence treated with fludioxonil + metalaxyl + imidacloprid (91.84%).

Ujednačeno nicanje u poljskim uslovima direktno određuje broj biljaka po hektaru, što je jedan od najvažnijih uslova za postizanje visokog prinosa suncokreta. Tokom 2007. i 2008. na oglednom polju Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo iz Novog Sada ispitivan je uticaj hemijskih tretmana na poljsko nicanje tri komercijalna hibrida suncokreta, čuvanih u različitim uslovima skladištenja. U proseku, najveća vrednost ispitivanog parametra bila je kod hibrida H1 (88,79%) i hemijskog tretmana fludioksonil + metalaksil + imidakloprid (87,71%). Takođe, najveće poljsko nicanje u proseku pokazalo je seme koje je čuvano u skladištu (87,92%). Kod interakcije uslovi čuvanja x hemijski tretman najbolje rezultate u uslovima nicanja u polju (90,18%) imalo je seme tretirano fludioksonil + metalaksil + imidaklopridom koje je čuvano godinu dana u skladištu, a kod interakcije uslovi čuvanja x genotip seme hibrida H1 i to sveže tretirano seme (91,82%) i seme čuvano godinu dana u skladištu (90,48%). Kod interakcije hemijski tretman x genotip najveće poljsko nicanje je takođe pokazalo seme hibrida H1 tretirano fludioksonil + metalaksil + imidaklopridom (91,84%).