Environmental and genetical influences on nutritional status of wheat grain

Abstract

Seven domestic cultivars of winter wheat developed in Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops (Evropa, Milica, Renesansa, Tera, NS-rana 5, Pobeda and Jarebica) were grown on Novi Sad (chernozem) and Kragujevac (dedegraded vertisol) experimental fields for the 2004/05-growing season. Wheat grain under conditions of Kragujevac vertisol contained considerably higher N (+26%), Ca (+13%), Fe (+32%) Cu (+64%), Zn (+2.6 fold) and Cd (+2.5 fold) compared to wheat on Novi Sad chernozem. Also, with exception of Mg, significant differences of wheat grain composition among the cultivars were found. For example, the cultivar Evropa characterized with the lowest contents of N, P, Ca, Fe and Cu. The cultivar Milica had the highest Fe and Ni contents, the lowest Mn as well. The cultivar Renesansa had the highest K, Ca, Cu and Zn, and the lowest Ni contents. The highest Mn contents in grain of the Tera and Pobeda were found. Additionaly, the Pobeda has the highest N and Mn, as well the lowest Zn contents. The Renesonsa and NS rana 5 have the highest K contents in grain. Specifities of the Tera and Jarebica were the highest Mn and the lowest K, respectively.