The isoenzymic analysis of cabbage genotypes (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.)

Abstract

The present study demonstrates the potential of isozymes and their application in marker assisted selection. Twelve cabbage genotypes, eight experimental lines and four varieties, derived at the Vegetable Department of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, were studied. The method of horizontal starch-gel electrophoresis was used to analyse enzymic systems: malate dehydrogenase (MDH), phosphohexose isomerase (PHI), phosphoglucoso dehydrogenase (PGD), phosphoglucomutase (PGM) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). PHI and PGD enzymes were polymorphic, with different alleles. Different phenotypes in cabbage varieties and genetic uniformity in lines were obtained. These results could be practically applied in the process of breeding, i.e. in the selection of a parent line combination relating to the process of the cabbage hybrid development. According to the results obtained in the isoenzymic study of the experimental material and cabbage varieties it can be concluded that enzyme polymorphism can be used for the estimation of genetic purity of both, line and hybrid seeds.

U radu je proučeno 12 genotipova kupusa, osam eksperimentalnih linija i četiri sorte, Zavoda za povrtarstvo, Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad. Metodom horizontalne elektroforeze, na skrobnom gelu, analizirani su enzimski sistemi: malat dehidrogenaza (MDH), fosfoheksozo izomeraza (PHI), fosfoglukozo dehidrogenaza (PGD), fosfoglukomutaza (PGM) i alkohol dehidrogenaza (ADH). Enzimi PHI i PGD su bili polimorfni. Dobijeni su različite alelne varijante u sortama i genetička ujednačenost linija kupusa. Ovi rezultati imaju praktičnu primenu u procesu oplemenjivanja, tj. u odabiru roditeljskih kombinacija u procesu stvaranju hibrida kupusa. Na osnovu rezultata istraživanja izoenzima u eksperimentalnom materijalu i sortama kupusa, polimorfizam enzima se može koristiti za ocenu genetičke čistoće linija i hibridnog semena.