Neki neparazitni uzroci kržljavosti bijaka i hloroze ječma i pšenice

Abstract

U ovom referatu razmatraju se neparazitni uzroci kržljavosti biljaka i hloroze Iišća ozimog ječma, kao i slične promene na pšenici i jarom ječmu, koji su se javljali u proleće 1990. godine u Vojvodini. Najizraženiji simptomi ispoljavali su se na usevima ranije setve ozimog ječma. Koren obolelih biljaka je bio slabo razvijen i nekrotiran. Jaki mrazevi bez snega, s kraćim periodima toplijeg vremena tokom zime, prouzrokovali su čupanje korena i izmrzavanje čvora bokorenja, naročito kod bujnih useva ozimog ječma. U sušnijim uslovima (krajem zime, oštećeni koren je gubio kontakt s vlagom u zemljištu, što je imalo za posledicu slab razvoj iii uginuća biljaka. Valjanje je doprinosilo oporavljanju useva. Stanje ozimog ječma se znatno poboljšalo nastajanjem toplijeg vremena i posle prvih kiša u proleće. Većina ovih useva dalo je zadovoljavajuće prinose.

The results of the studies of the etiology of an unusually frequent occurrence of yellow stunted plants of winter barley, which occurred in 1990 in Vojvodina, have been present appearance in this report. Although there were some similarities with the yellow dwarf virus of barley, the appearance of some symptoms of the disease was different. Many dead plants were found in the fields. The root of stunted plants was weak, necrotic and completely damaged. Transplanted stunted plants recovered in the glasshouse conditions. The destroyed root lost a close contact with the soil, moisture and rolling under dry conditions increased the regeneration of plants. There were no patches of the diseased plants, which is an important sign of the barley yellow dwarf virus.