Stanje useva i mere nege strnih žita u proleće 1997. godine

Abstract

U radu je prikazano stanje pšenice i ječma na kraju prvog dela vegetacionog perioda i primenjena tehnologija pri zasnivanju proizvodnje 1996/97. godine. Takođe se daju i preporuke mera nege za nastavak vegetacije. Konstatuje se da je trenutno stanje useva povoljno ali se mogu očekivati i određeni problemi tokom zime i proleća 1997. godine. Ove jeseni takođe nije bilo dovoljno mineralnih hraniva NPK pa je proizvodnja zasnovana samo uz primenu N. Pošto je setva ječma i pšenice započela rano, u trećoj dekadi septembra, a uslovi za nicanje bili vrlo dobri, usevi su ušli u fazu bokorenja. U toj fazi se javilo žućenje biljaka, čiji se uzroci ispituju. Na nekim parcelama se javila površinska voda zbog obilnih padavina od avgusta do decembra. Analize zemljišta na lako-pristupačni N pokazuju vrlo veliku varijabilnost. Proizvodnja je zasnovana sa znatnim učešćem nedeklarisanog semena u setvi. I pored svega, opšte stanje useva u proizvodnji se može oceniti povoljno.

The paper reviews the condition of wheat and barley at the end of the first part of the vegetative season and the technology applied for the establishment of the 1996/97 crop production. Recommendations are given how to tend the crops in the second part of the season. It was concluded that the current crop condition is satisfactory; however, problems may be met during winter and spring 1997. Because of a shortage of NPK fertilizers, only nitrogen was applied before sowing. The sowing campaign started early, in the last third of September. Due to favorable conditions for emergence, the crops advanced well into the stage of tillering. The occurrence of yellowing is still being investigated. Some plots became water-logged after abundant rainfall from August to December. Soil analyses for available N indicated large variability. Non-certified seed was extensively used. Despite these negative elements, the general condition of the crops may be considered as favorable.