Diverzitet kišnih glista (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) u poljima pšenice u plodoredu sa različitom obradom

Abstract

Kišne gliste iz porodice Lumbricidae su indikatori kvaliteta zemljišta, tako da je monitoring populacija kišnih glista u agroekosistemima od suštinskog značaja. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se izvrši kvalitativna i kvantitativna anliza zajednica kišnih glista na poljima pšenice u uslovima plodoreda sa različitom obradom. Terenska istraživanja su sprovedena na lokalitetu Rimski Šančevi, tokom proleća i jeseni 2021. godine. Materijal je uzorkovan sa polja pšenice, koja su bila dvopolja (pšenica i kukuruz) sa različitom obradom i to: neđubreno, đubreno oranje i đubreno konzervacijska obrada. Utvrđeno je prisustvo 3 endogeične vrste, iz dva roda i to: Allolobophora i Aporrectodea. Ukupan broj jedinki je bio najveći u đubrenom dvopolju sa konzervacijskom obradom. Broj juvenilnih jedinki je veći tokom prolećne sezone, u odnosu na jesenju. Analizom zoogeografskih tipova, utvrđeno je prisustvo peregrinih, kosmopolitskih vrsta, koje imaju visok prag tolerancije na nepovoljne uslove sredine. U svim proučavanim poljima, zajednice kišnih glista su siromašne i uniformne.

Earthworms from the Lumbricidae family are indicators of soil quality, so monitoring earthworm populations in agroecosystems is essential. The aim of this work was a qualitative and quantitative analysis of earthworm communities in wheat fields under conditions of crop rotation with different tillage. Field research was conducted at the Rimski Šančevi location, Vojvodina, during the spring and fall of 2021. The material was sampled from wheat fields, crop rotation (wheat and corn) with different treatments: unfertilized, fertilized plowing, and fertilized conservation treatment. The presence of 3 endogeic species was determined, from two genera: Allolobophora and Aporrectodea. The total number of individuals was the highest in the fertilized field with conservation treatment. The number of juvenile individuals is higher during the spring season, compared to the autumn season. The analysis of zoogeographical types revealed the presence of peregrine, cosmopolitan species, which have a high threshold of tolerance to unfavorable environmental conditions. In all studied fields, earthworm communities are poor and uniform.