Unapređenje organske proizvodnje uvođenjem biopreparata kroz analizu prinosa i komponenti prinosa soje

Abstract

Organska poljoprivreda kao sistem održive poljoprivredne proizvodnje danas predstavlja neizostavnu kariku u razvoju lanaca vrednosti proizvoda koji imaju visoku nutritivnu vrednost i ekološke karakteristike. S obzirom da soja predstavlja važan izvor proteina i ulja, kako za ishranu ljudi, tako i za ishranu životinja i spada u jednu od najvažnijih ratarskih kultura, kontinuiran rad na unapređenju tehnologije gajenja je od velike važnosti. Istraživanje je imalo za cilj da predstavi mogućnost i važnost primene đubriva u organskoj prioizvodnji soje. Testirana su tri preparata (Italpollina NPK 4:4:4, Biofor soja, Wuxal ascofol) na sorti soje NS Kaća. Analizom dobijenih rezultata utvrđeno je da se masa 1000 zrna statistički značajno razlikovala između tretmana, dok je na prinos zrna soje pozitivno reagovalo đubrenje u odnosu na kontrolnu varijantu, ali nije utvrđena statistička značajnost. Najveći prinos utvrđen je na tretmanu sa Biofor soja (4,3 t ha -1 ). Rezultati dobijeni nakon jednogodišnjih istraživanja mogu da posluže kao smernica za unapređenje tehnologije gajenja soje u organskoj proizvodnji, ali je potrebno sprovesti dalja istraživanja o primeni različitih folijarnih đubriva u različitim fazama rasta, kao i u različitim dozama.

Organic agriculture as a system of sustainable agricultural production today is essential part in the development of value chains of products that have high nutritional value and environmental characteristics. Soybean is an important source of protein and oil, both for food and feed and belongs to one of the most important field crops. Continuous work on improving cultivation technology in organic systems of agricultural production is of great importance for expanding sustainable farming systems. Limited mineral nutrition in organic production has resulted in a large number of studies that were aimed primarily at increasing yields, as well as the quality of the final product, where the application of foliar fertilizers and fertilizers generally occupies an important place. The research aimed to present the possibility and importance of the application of fertilizers in organic soybean production. Three preparations (Italpollina NPK 4:4:4, Biofor soja, Wuxal ascofol) on soybean variety NS Kaća were tested. The analysis of the obtained results showed that the weight of 1000 grains differed statistically significantly between treatments, while fertilization reacted positively to the soybean grain yield in relation to the control variant, but no statistical significance was determined. The highest yield was determined on the treatment with Biofor soja (4.3 t ha-1 ).The results obtained after one year of research can serve as a guideline for improving the technology of soybean cultivation in organic production, but it is necessary to conduct further research on the application of different foliar fertilizers at different stages of growth, as well as in different doses.