Uticaj agroekoloških uslova i bubrenja na prinos soje

Abstract

Đubrenje soje, posebno azotom, kao leguminozne biljke kontinuirano predstavlja istraživacki izazov. Primena mikroelemenata, kobalta i molibdena utiče stimulativno na intezitet azotofiksacije, a time i na prinos. Tehnologija gajenja soje u uslovima bez navodnjavanja, uz najbolju agrotehniku na kraju rezultira prinosima koji su pod direktnim uticajem specifičnih agroekoloških uslova. Istraživanje je obavljeno na višegodišnjem stacionarnom ogledu na parcelama Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo. Ogled je bio koncipiran kao tropolje (kukuruz-soja-pšenica). Rezultati obuhvaéeni u ovom istraživanju preuzeti su sa polja soje u periodu 2006-2008. godine. Cilj istraživanja bio je da se utvrdi uticaj vremenskih i zemljišnih uslova, đubrenja preduseva azotom, kao i primene kobalta i molibdena na prinos soje. Podaci su obrađeni analizom varijanse po metodi dvofaktorijalnog split-plot ogleda sa uticajem godine. Značajnost razlike izmedu tretmana testirana je LSD testom. Najviši prinos postignut je u poslednjoj godini istraživanja. Primena najveće doze đubrenja pretkulture (kukuruza) azotom, kad nisu zaorani žetveni ostaci doprinelo je povećanju prinosa za 3,73%. Međutim, to nije bilo dovoljno da bi bilo statistički značajno, kao ni primena kobalta i molibdena nanošenjem na seme uz standardno nanošenje Nitragina.

Soybean fertilization, especially nitrogen, as well as leguminous plants pose an ongoing research challenge. Application of microelements, cobalt and molybdenum stimulating influence on the intensity of nitrogen fixation, and thus the yield. The technology of growing soybeans in conditions without irrigation, agricultural technology with the best in the end results in yields that are under the direct influence of specific agro-ecological conditions. The survey was conducted on a multi-year stationary trial plots at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops. The experiment was designed as a three-crop rotation (corn-soybean- wheat). The results included in this study are taken from the fields of soy in the period 2006-2008. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of weather and soil conditions, crop nitrogen fertilization, and application of cobalt and molybdenum on soybean yields. Data were analysed using analysis of variance using the method of two factorial split-plot design with the impact of the year. The significance of differences between treatments was tested LSD test. The highest yield was achieved in the last year of the study. The application of the highest dose of fertilizer preculture (corn) with nitrogen when they are not ploughed crop residue contributed to the increase in the yield of 3.73%. However, it was not enough to be statistically significant, nor the use of cobalt and molybdenum seed treatment with standard dispensing Nitragin.