Malting barley in conditions of high air temperatures and drought

Abstract

Water deficits and high air temperatures occur frequently in southeastern Europe, especially at the grain filling period of winter and spring malting barley. The objective of this paper was to study the grain and malt properties of 32 two-rowed winter and 32 two-rowed spring barley genotypes under moderate and severe drought conditions during grain filling. In moderate drought conditions, spring barley produced 28% lower yields than winter barley and had better mechanical grain characteristics, 2% less grain protein and 3.22% more fine extract. In severe drought conditions, winter barley had yields that were almost two and a half times higher than those of spring barley as well as better mechanical grain characteristics, a lower grain protein content and a higher fine extract content. In agroecological conditions in which stresses caused by drought and high temperatures are possible, both forms of malting barley, winter and spring, should be grown.

Deficit vode i visoke temperature, posebno u periodu nalivanja zrna ozimog i jarog pivskog ječma, često se javljaju u regionu jugoistočne Evrope. Cilj ovoga rada bio je ispitivanje osobina zrna i slada 32 genotipa ozimog i 32 genotipa jarog dvoredog ječma u uslovima umerene i jake suše tokom perioda nalivanja zrna. U uslovima umerene suše jari ječam je imao niži prinos od ozimog za 28%, ali bolje mehaničke osobine zrna, 2% niži sadržaj proteina u zrnu i 3,22% veći sadržaj finog ekstrakta. U uslovima jake suše ozimi ječam je imao skoro 2,5 puta veći prinos od jarog, bolje mehaničke osobine zrna, niži sadržaj proteina u zrnu i veći sadržaj finog ekstrakta. U agroekološkim uslovima sa mogućim stresovima usled suše i visokih temperatura treba gajiti obe forme, ozimi i jari pivski ječam.