Iskorišćenje hladno presovanog ulja semena suncokreta hibrida uljanog i konzumnog tipa iz dve godine gajenja

Abstract

Suncokret spada u prvih pet najzastupljenijih uljarica na svetu, kao i suncokretovo ulje u grupi jestivih ulja. Sve veća pažnja posvećuje se hladno presovanom suncokretovom ulju jer nije uključena dalja prerada ulja, a sama tehnologija hladnog presovanja pomoću pužne prese ne koristi rastvarač. Danas su zastupljene dve grupe hibrida suncokreta: uljani čija je prvenstvena namena proizvodnja ulja i konzumni, koji se prvenstvaneo koriste za direktnu konzumaciju. Cilj ovog rada bio je da se ispita iskorišćenje ulja i semena uljanih i konzumnih hibrida suncokreta prilikom presovanja na pužnoj presi. Značajno veće vrednosti iskorišćenja ulja i semena utvrđene su kod uljanih hibrida suncokreta (od 64,05 ± 2,48 do 75,61 ± 1,99 % i od 51,76 ± 1,94 do 64,41 ± 1,67 %, redom) u odnosu na konzumne (od 24,21 ± 4,88 do 52,73 ± 0,30 % i od 19,26 ± 3,84 do 41,86 ± 0,21 %).

Sunflower seed is one of the top five most abundant oilseeds in the world, as well as sunflower oil in the group of edible oils. Increasing attention is being paid to cold-pressed sunflower oil because no further oil processing is involved and the cold-pressing technology itself using a screw press does not use a solvent. Today, two groups of sunflower hybrids are represented: oily hybrid seeds whose primary purpose is oil production and confectionary hybrids, primarily used for direct consumption. The aim of this study was to examine the oil and seed yield of oily and confectionary sunflower hybrids pressed on a screw press. Significantly higher values of oil and seed yield were found in oily hybrids (from 64.05 ± 2.48 to 75.61 ± 1.99% and from 51.76 ± 1.94 to 64.41 ± 1.67%, respectively) compared with confectionary sunflower hybrids (from 24.21 ± 4.88 to 52.73 ± 0.30% and from 19.26 ± 3.84 to 41.86 ± 0.21%).