Uticaj klimatskih faktora na prinos ulja NS hibrida suncokreta

Abstract

Klimatske promene utiču negativno na proizvodnju suncokreta. Jedna od mera ublažavanja uticaja ekstremnih klimatskih pojava je oplemenjivanje na poboljšanu adaptabilnost suncokreta na različite uslove gajenja. Cilj rada bio je da se ispita uticaj različitih godina i lokaliteta na prinos ulja kod 12 standardnih, uljanih hibrida suncokreta. Eksperimentalni ogledi su postavljeni tokom četiri vegetacione sezone (2018, 2019, 2020 i 2021) u 52 klimatske sredine (u dve godine na 15 lokaliteta, jednom na 14 i jednom na 8). Hibrid NS Ronin (G7) se izdvojio sa najvećom stabilnošću praćenom visokim prinosom ulja i smatra se adaptabilnim na razlike u uslovima sredine. Stabilni hibridi, sa visokim prinosom ulja bili su i hibridi NS Kiril (G9), NS Providens (G11) i NS Zmaj (G12). Ostvareni rezultati prinosa ulja pomenutih hibrida i njihova adaptabilnost u različinim sredinama opravdavaju poverenje koje su im ukazali proizvođači suncokreta i u Srbiji i u inostranstvu.

Climate change negatively affects sunflower production. One of the measures to mitigate the effects of extreme weather events is breeding to improve the adaptability of sunflower to different growing conditions. This study aimed to examine the influence of different years and locations on oil yield in 12 standard, oil sunflower hybrids. Experimental trials were set up during four vegetation seasons (2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021) in 52 environments (in two years at 15 locations, once at 14 and once at 8). Sunflower hybrid NS Ronin (G7) was distinct as the most stable, followed by high oil yield and considered adaptable to environmental conditions differences. Stable hybrids with high oil yield were also hybrids NS Kiril (G9), NS Providence (G11) and NS Zmaj (G12). The achieved results of oil yield of the mentioned hybrids and their adaptability in different environments justify the trust placed in them by sunflower producers in Serbia and abroad.