Genotypes variation of Medicago sativa (L.) seed yield components in acid soil under conditions of cross–fertilization

Abstract

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is the most important forage plant species in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In this study, conducted in Banja Luka, the investigated ten alfalfa genotypes originated from different regions of USA and Europe. The study objective was to determine their grain yield per plants and four morphological properties. The interactions analyses provided to select individual genotypes that are shown the highest stability and yield potential in different production conditions. Genotype with the highest yield shown lower stability level. The influence year and genotype on GYP – the grain yield per plants for investigated alfalfa genotypes was significant (Fexp=7.54* and Fexp= 8.34*). The highest average value for investigated parameter in the first research year had genotypes G53 and G44 and in second research year genotype G2. The lowest value in both research years had genotype G100 (0.28 kg ha-1 and 0.30 kg ha-1. Positive and strong correlations were found between the grain yield per plants and the number of pods per plants (r= 0.74**) and the grain yield per plant and the number of flower per inflorescence (r= 0.51*). On the basis of the obtained values, we conclude that we have excellent genotypes G2, G44, G53 and G51 for successful breeding work in order to obtain new high-yielding varieties of alfalfa.

Lucerka (Medicago sativa L.) je najvažnija krmna biljna vrsta u Bosni i Hercegovini. U ovom istraživanju, izvedenom u Banja Luci, ispitano je deset genotipova lucerke poreklom iz različitih regija SAD-a i Evrope. Cilj ove studije je bio da se odredi njihov prinos zrna po biljkama i četiri morfološke osobine. Analize interakcija pružene su za odabir pojedinačnih genotipova i treba da pokažu najveću stabilnost i potencijal prinosa u različitim proizvodnim uslovima. Genotip s najvećim prinosom pokazao je niži nivo stabilnosti. Uticaj godine i genotipa na GYP - prinos zrna po biljkama za ispitivane genotipove lucerke bio je značajan (Fexp = 7,54 * i Fexp = 8,34 *). Najveću prosečnu vrednost ispitivanog parametra u prvoj godini istraživanja imali su genotipovi G53 i G44, a u drugoj godini istraživanja genotip G2. Najmanju vrednost u obe istraživačke godine imao je genotip G100 (0,28 kg ha-1 i 0,30 kg ha-1). Utvrđene su pozitivne i jake korelacije između prinosa zrna po biljci i broja mahuna po biljci (0,74 **) i prinosa zrna po biljci i broja cvetova po cvasti (0,51 *). Na osnovu dobijenih vrednosti zaključujemo da imamo izvrsne genotipove G2, G44, G53 i G51 za uspešan oplemenjivački rad u cilju dobijanja novih visokoprinosnih sorti lucerke.