Primena mikrobioloških đubriva u organskom sistemu proizvodnje

Abstract

Osnovni ciljevi, vezani za održivost organske poljoprivrede, uključuju proizvodnju baziranu na savremenim tehnologijama, kao i recikliranje i ponovno korištenje poljoprivrednog otpada. Bitna odrednica organske poljoprivrede je i isključivanje primenemineralnih đubriva i pesticida, koji uzrokuju zagađenje zemljišta i ostalih komponenti životne sredine. U organskoj proizvodnji, koriste se uglavnom organska hraniva i biološki preparati, koji ubrzavaju razgradnju žetvenih ostataka i oslobađanje biljnih asimilativa. U novije vreme, proširuju se mogućnosti korištenja alelopatskih materija i sekundarnih metabolita biljaka kao regulatora rasta i prirodnih herbicida u održivoj poljoprivredi, dok najznačajniju alternativu korištenju mineralnih đubriva predstavljaju mikrobiološka đubriva. U ovom radu, razmatra se značaj i obim primene mikrobioloških đubriva u savremenoj poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji.

The basic aims related to a viability of organic agriculture include production based on modern technologies as well as recycling and reusing of agricultural waste. An important point of organic agriculture also implies the exclusion of mineral fertilizers and pesticides which cause a contamination of soil and other components of a living environment. Organic production mostly includes organic fertilizers and biological preparations which accelerate demolishing of harvest remains and releasing of plant assimilates. In recent times, the use of allelopathic matters and secondary metabolites of plants as regulators of growing and natural herbicides in viable agriculture has expanded its possible ways of application whereas the most significant alternative use of mineral fertilizers belongs to microbiological fertilizers. In this work, the significance and volume of the application of microbiological fertilizers in modern agricultural production are examined.