Complexity of the pathosystem and pathogen control framework of wheat crown rot agent

Abstract

Wheat root and crown rot is an economically important disease which causes yield losses of up to 50%. Agents of wheat root and crown rot comprise a complex of Fusarium, Oculimacula, Gaeumannomyces and Rhizoctonia pathogens. The analyses of environmental factors effects on the infection by wheat crown rot agents are scarce in Serbia and worldwide. This study was carried out in Mačva region of Serbia in the growing seasons of 2013/2014 and 2016/2017. The study found a significant effect of the growing season, interaction between the growing season and location, as well as winter temperatures on the occurrence of wheat crown rot. The results showed combined action of biotic and abiotic factors on the occurrence of crown rot, which calls for developing more efficient measures to control these pathogens.

Trulež korena i prizemnog dela stabla pšenice je ekonomski značajno oboljenje koje prouzrokuje smanjenje prinosa i do 50%. Prouzrokovači truleži korena i prizemnog dela stabla pšenice čine kompleks patogena iz rodova Fusarium, Oculimacula, Gaeumannomyces i Rhizoctonia. Analize uticaja faktora sredine na ostvarenje infekcije prouzrokovačima truleži korena i prizemnog dela stabla pšenice malo su zastupljene u Srbiji, ali i u svetu. Ovo istraživanje izvršeno je na teritoriji Mačve u vegetacionim sezonama 2013/2014. i 2016/2017. Utvrđen je značajan uticaj vegetacione sezone, interakcije vegetacione sezone i lokaliteta kao i zimskih temperatura na pojavu truleži korena i prizemnog dela stabla pšenice. Rezultati ovih istraživanja ukazali su na združeno dejstvo biotičkih i abiotičkih faktora na pojavu truleži prizemnog dela stabla, što daje osnovu za razvijanje efikasnijih mera u kontroli ovih patogena.