Comparative reaserch of working two treaters during treatment sunflower hybrid seed

Abstract

Seed treatment with fungicides is very good way for plant protection. That is esspecialy important in early way of plant growing. Treating of seed with fungicide provide reduce using of pesticides comparing with treatment with sprayer in the field. Fungicide seed treatment should meet several conditions: must have no effect on the biological characteristics of the seed, has to be effective in a variety of growing conditios and must be safe to handle. Sunflower seeds in the seed processing treated with fungicides. Of fungicides for the treatment of hybrid seed is mostly used metalaxil. Seed treatment is last phase of seed processing and seed treater is equipment for seed treating. In this paper work are shown results of reaserch which was done in Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad. Aim of this reaserch was to check percentage of pesticide active materials losses during sunflower seed treatment with two seed teaters (B-10 and CC-50). Reaserch was done on four sunflower hybrid seeds NS Fantazija, NS Oskar, Orfej and NS Novak. The best results had seed of hybrid NS Fantazija, because hybrid NS Fantazija have smothness seed pericarp. Analyses of active materials losses shown as that seed treater B-10 had biger losses. This biger losses was expected because seed treater CC-50 it technical improve and better treater then B-10.

Tretiranje semena fungicidima predstavlja povoljan način zaštite ratarskih kultura od bolesti u ranim fazama razvoja biljaka. Nanošenjem na seme upotrebljava se znatno manja količina pesticida u odnosu na folijarne. Fungicid za tretiranje semena treba da zadovolji nekoliko uslova: ne sme da ima uticaj na biološke karakteristike semena, mora biti efikasan u različitim uslovima gajenja i mora da bude bezbedan za rukovanje. Seme suncokreta se u procesu dorade tretira fungicidima. Od fungicida za tretiranje hibridnog semena suncokreta najviše se koristi metalaksil. Hemijsko tretiranje semena, odnosno njegova zaštita, je završna faza dorade i vrši se na specijalnim mašinama za zaprašivanje semena, zaprašivačima. U ovom radu su prikazani rezultati uporednog ispitivanja dva zaprašivača, B-10 i CC-50. Ova dva zaprašivača se koriste u centru za doradu hibridnog semena suncokreta Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu. Ispitivanje se izvršilo na četiri hibrida suncokreta najnovije generacije NS Fantazija, NS Oskar, Orfej i NS Novak. Najbolji rezultat je ostvaren tretiranjem semena hibrida NS Fantazija, pošto taj hibrid ima gladak nenaboran perikarp. Rezultati ispitivanja su pokazali da zaprašivač B-10 ostvaruje veće gubitke. Lošiji rezultati ovog zaprašivača su posledica starije tehnologije i tehničkih karakteristika u odnosu na drugi ispitivani, centrifugalni zaprašivač CC-50.