Evaluation of stability in new early-maturing sunflower hybrids

Abstract

Sunflower is one of the most important oil crops in Serbia and in the world. The breeding process involved the selection of the medium-early maturity hybrids which had the tendency to maximize yield potential and stability in different regions of sunflower production in Serbia. The objective of this study was to test the possibility of using early-maturing hybrids instead of the mediummaturing ones, given the balance between yield and stability parameters. Three new early-maturing sunflower hybrids NS1, NS2 and NS3, developed at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, were used in the study. There was no significant variation between early-maturing hybrids and standard hybrids for seed and oil yield. Results showed that early-maturing, high yielding hybrids were suitable for the cropping system in all tested locations. The early-maturing hybrids NS2 and NS3 are recommended for further inclusion in the breeding program due to their stability and high seed and oil yield. The entire sunflower breeding program contributed to the development of the local early-maturing hybrids and hybrids with better yield potential.

Suncokret je najvažnija uljana kultura u Srbiji. Glavni ciljevi oplemenjivanja suncokreta su stvaranje srednje ranih hibrida sa visokim genetskim potencijalom za prinos semena i ulja, a stabilnim u regionima proizvodnje suncokreta u Srbiji. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se ispita mogućnost korišćenja ranostasnih hibrida umesto hibrida srednje dužine vegetacije, koji su u pogledu prinosa semena i ulja i parametara stabilnosti na nivou standardnih hibrida suncokreta. U radu su ispitana tri nova ranostasna hibrida suncokreta NS1, NS2 i NS3, stvorena u Institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata utvrđeno je da nije bilo značajne razlike između ranih hibrida i standardnih hibrida suncokreta za prinos semena i ulja. Rani hibridi suncokreta pokazali su različit nivo stabilnosti gajenja u ispitivanim lokalitetima. Rani hibridi NS2 i NS3 su pokazali visok stepen stabilnosti na svim ispitivanim lokalitetima i visoke prinose semena i ulja. Dobijeni rezultati predstavljaju značajan doprinos u oplemenjivanju suncokreta i razvoju domaćih hibrida sa kraćom dužinom vegetacije, a boljim potencijalom prinosa semena i ulja.