Effects of different doses of nitrogen in topdressing and sowing density on yield of winter barley

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine and quantify the effect of nitrogen fertilizer in topdressing and sowing density on the yield of five varieties of winter barley in 2012/2013. On average for five varieties of winter barley and five sowing densities, the highest grain yield was obtained in the control treatment with no N-fertilizer application. With increasing amounts of fertilizer, yields declined to the highest dose. The reason for this effect was climatic conditions during the year that favoured mineralization of organic matter in soil, so the effect of the applied N-fertilizer was missing. NS Pinon and NS Zitos obtained significantly higher yields compared to other varieties in the trial. As a consequence of varietal specificity for N use efficiency, reaction of examined genotype to N-fertilizers was different. The yield obtained at sowing densities of 150, 250 and 350 viable seeds m-2 (on average for all varieties and N doses), was not different, an did was significantly higher compared to the sowing densities of 450 and 550 viable seeds m-2, also as a result of weather conditions in a year of investigation.

Cilj istraživanja bio je da se utvrdi i kvantifikuje efekat đubrenja azotom u prihrani u interakciji sa gustinama setve na prinos pet sorti ozimog ječma u uslovima proizvodne 2012/2013. godine. U proseku za pet sorti ozimog ječma i pet gustina setve, najveći prinos zrna ostvaren je na kontrolnoj varijanti, bez primene N-đubriva u prihranjivanju. Sa povećanjem količina đubriva, prinos je opadao do najveće doze. Uzrok ovome bili su klimatski uslovi tokom godine koji su pogodovali mineralizaciji organske materije u zemljištu, te je efekat primenjenih N-đubriva izostao. Sorte NS Pinon i NS Zitos su postigle značajno veće prinose u odnosu na ostale sorte u ogledu. Kao posledica sortnih specifičnosti ispitivanih genotipova za iskorišćavanjem N i njihova reakcija na primenjene doze N u prihranjivanju je bila različita. Ostvareni prinos pri gustinama setve od 150, 250 i 350 kl. zrna m-2 (u proseku za sve sorte i doze N), nije se razlikovao, a bio je značajno veći u odnosu na setvu 450 i 550 kl. zrna m-2, takođe kao posledica specifičnih vremenskih uslova u ispitivanoj godini.