Zakorovljenost združenih i čistih organskih useva šargarepe (Daucus carota L., Apiaceae, Apiales) i crnog luka (Allium cepa L., Alliaceae, Amaryllidales) uz upotrebu kukuruznog glutena

Abstract

Proučavanje problema zakorovljenosti organskih useva, predstavlja svojevrstan izazov, budući da je u potpunosti isključena upotreba sintetičkih herbicida. Cilj rada bio je da se prikažu rezultati zakorovljenosti šargarepe i crnog luka uz primenu kukuruznog glutena kao dozvoljenog bioherbicida u redukciji korova u organskoj poljoprivredi. Tokom 2014. godine na sertifikovanom organskom gazdinstvu “Dolovac”, ukupno je konstatovano 29 korovskih vrsta iz 15 familija, od kojih su najzastupljeniji predstavnici familija Asteraceae (6 vrsta, 21%) i Poaceae (4 vrste; 14%). Utvrđeno je prisustvo 7 invazivnih vrsta. U biološkom spektru flore dominiraju terofite (72%; 21 vrsta). Najveći broj vrsta (16) zabeležen je u čistom usevu šargarepe i u združenom dvoredom usevu šargarepe i crnog luka uz primenu glutena (15 vrsta). Najmanje korovskih vrsta (8) zabeleženo je u dvoredom združenom usevu šargarepe i crnog luka.

Researching the problems of organic crops is a challenge, since the use of herbicides is completely excluded. Thus, the aim of the paper was to present the results of carrot and onion weed infestation with the application of maize gluten as an acceptable bioherbicide in the reduction of weeds in organic agriculture. In 2014, on Certified Organic Farm “Dolovac”, 29 weed species from 15 families were found, of which the most frequent are representatives of Asteraceae (6 species, 21%) and Poaceae (4 species, 14%) family. There are 7 invasive species. In the biological spectrum of the flora therophytes dominate (72%; 21 species). The largest number of species (16) was recorded in carrot and in two-sided intercropping carrot and onion with gluten use (15 species). The smallest number of weed species (8) were recorded in a two-sided intercropping carrot and onion.