Izazovi i mogućnosti upotrebe Papaver somniferum L. u prehrambenoj industriji i toksikologiji

Abstract

Papaver somniferum L. je biljka opijumskog maka koja se konzumira kao hrana. Veliki broj sorti maka se koristi za proizvodnju farmaceutskih alkaloida opijuma i za proizvodnju semena za ishranu. Seme je bogato linoleinskom i oleinskom kiselinom- mononezasićenom masnom kiselinom, koja pomaže u snižavanju nivoa LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein - lipoproteina male gustine) u krvi i povećanje nivoa HDL (High Density Lipoprotein - lipoproteina velike gustine), što je veoma značajno za zdravlje kar diovaskularnog sistema. Seme ne sadrži opijate, ali može biti kontaminirano njima tokom berbe, jer njegov lateks sadrži brojne alkaloide (morfijum, tebain, kodein, papaverin, noskapin).

Papaver somniferum L. is the opium poppy plant consumed as food. There are a large number of poppy varieties that are used to obtain opium alkaloids for pharmaceutical purposes and to produce seeds for use as food. Poppy seeds are rich in linoleic and oleic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid that helps lower LDL (low density lipoprotein) levels in the blood and increases HDL (high density lipoprotein) levels, which are very important for cardiovascular health. Poppy seeds do not contain opiates, but can be contaminated with them when harvested, as the poppy latex contains numerous alkaloids (morphine, thebaine, codeine, papaverine, and noscapine).