Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) as a protein plant species

Abstract

Proteins of plant origin have a profound impact on human and animal lives. It is impossible to solve worldwide nutrition problem without taking into concern needs for proteins. Inadequate nutrition can only be improved by providing adequate proteins. Humans need c. 120g proteins daily, a third of which should come from meat and milk. Certain population categories, such as the sick, children, pregnant women and sportspeople are more sensitive to lack of protein. Oil crops synthesise oil, which is the basic reserve material in seed, but they also synthesise high levels of protein and can serve as protein source for human and animal nutrition. Generally speaking, protein content in seed of rapeseed at site R. Šančevi was from 19.60% (NS-L-74) to 25.93% JR-NS-36), and at site Sombor from 19.26% (NS-L-74) to 24.06% and 24.09% (NS-L-46 and cultivar Mira). Genotype NS-L-74 had the lowest protein content at both testing sites. Higher protein content was evident with spring genotypes than with winter gentypes.

Proteini biljnog porekla imaju veliki značaj u životu čoveka i životinja. Problem ishrane u svetu nemoguće je rešiti odvojeno od potreba u proteinima. Neodgovarajuća ishrana može se rešiti samo obezbeđenjem odgovarajućih proteina. Čoveku je, na primer, potrebno oko 120 g proteina dnevno od čega trećina treba da je iz mesa i mleka. Neke kategorije stanovništva, poput bolesnih, dece, trudnica i sportista, osetljivije su na nedostatak proteina. Uljane biljke se pored sinteze ulja kao osnovne rezervne materije u semenu, karakterišu i visokim nivoom sinteze proteina i mogu služiti kao izvor istih za ljudsku i životinjsku ishranu. Sadržaj proteina u semenu uljane repice na lokalitetu Rimski Šančevi se gledano u celini kretao od 19,60 % (NS-L-74) do 25,93 % JR-NS-36), a u lokalitetu Sombora od 19,26 % (NS-L-74) do 24,06 % i 24,09 % (NS-L-46 i sorta Mira). Genotip NS-L-74 imao je najniži sadržaj proteina u oba lokaliteta ispitivanja. Veći sadržaj proteina konstatovan je kod jarih u odnosu na ozime genotipove.