Interdependence of yield components and harvest index in sunflower

Abstract

Using correlation analysis, we studied the interrelationship between several yield components (grain yield, head diameter, plant height, and the dry matter mass of the stem, leaves, head, and vegetative plant parts) and the harvest index in five female sunflower lines, three male lines (testers), and their 15 F1 hybrids. Path coefficient analysis was used to separate the direct and indirect effects of these traits on the harvest index. A highly significant positive correlation was found only between grain yield and the harvest index. None of the other traits were significantly correlated with the harvest index. Highly significant or significant positive correlations were found between most of the traits, with the exception of head dry matter mass and grain yield, head diameter, and plant height as well as stem dry matter mass and grain yield. The greatest negative direct effect on the harvest index was exhibited by the dry matter mass of the vegetative plant parts, while the largest positive direct effect on the harvest index was that of grain yield.

Kod pet linija majke, tri linije oca (tester linije) i njihovih 15 F1 hibrida suncokreta korelacionom analizom je ispitivana međuzavisnost nekih komponenti prinosa (prinos zrna, prečnik glave, visina biljke, masa suve materije stabla, lista, glave, vegetativnog dela biljke) i žetvenog indeksa. Path-coefficient analizom su razdvojeni direktni i indirektni efekti ispitivanih svojstava na žetveni indeks. Ustanovljena je visoko značajna pozitivna korelacija samo između žetvenog indeksa i prinosa zrna. Sva ostala svojstva nisu bila u značajnom korelacionom odnosu sa žetvenim indeksom. Između većine ispitivanih svojstava su postojale visoko značajne ili značajne pozitivne korelacije, sem između mase suve materije glave i prinosa zrna, prečnika glave i visine biljaka, kao i između mase suve materije stabla i prinosa zrna. Najveći direktan efekat, ali negativan na žetveni indeks imala je masa suve materije vegetativnog dela biljke, dok je najveći direktan, ali pozitivan efekat imao prinos zrna.