Soybean varietal trials in 2008

Abstract

Fifteen varieties and four promising lines of soybean were studied in 23 large-plot trials set up in all the major soybean-growing areas in Serbia and the Republic of Srpska. The yield different greatly among the locations, ranging from 1.6 t/ha at Kovin and Vršac to over 4.7 t/ha at Ruma. The differences were primarily a result of different meteorological conditions during the growing season. Looking at the total average yields from the 23 trials, no major differences can be observed among the different genotypes. However, when the trials are divided into different groups based on the conditions under which they were carried out, certain differences among the genotypes become evident. The varieties Sava, Mima and Bečejka, for instance, showed good tolerance of drought. In moderately favorable conditions, most of the genotypes studied produced similar yields, with only Afrodita, Tea and Rubin having a slightly better yield performance. The high genetic potential of NS soybean varieties was clearly evident in the trials carried out under the most favorable conditions, especially those set up at Ruma and Hajdučica, where the genotypes Sava, Diva, Venera, Mima, Rubin, Galina and NS-L-201308 all yielded close to or over five tons per hectare. Grain protein content was low in most of the trials, while the oil content was high. Looking at the individual cultivars, Afrodita, Alisa and Rubin had a somewhat higher protein content (over 38% on average). The average oil content of most of the genotypes ranged between 21 and 23%.

U 23 makroogleda, lociranih u svim glavnim regionima gajenja soje u Srbiji i Republici Srpskoj, testirano je 15 sorti i 4 perspektivne linije soje. Konstatovane su izuzetno velike razlike u prinosima između lokaliteta, od 1,6 t/ha (Kovin i Vršac), do preko 4,7 t/ha (Ruma), što je prvenstveno posledica različitih metereoloških uslova tokom vegetacionog perioda. Nema većih razlika između pojedinih genotipova soje, kada se posmatraju ukupni prosečni prinosi za 23 ogleda. Međutim, razlike se uočavaju u prinosima po grupama ogleda, oformljenih na osnovu uslova u kojima su izvedeni. Tako su sorte Sava, Mima i Bečejka ispoljile dobru tolerantnost prema suši. U umereno povoljnim uslovima prinosi su ujednačeni kod većine testiranih genotipova, a neznatno se izdvajaju Afrodita, Tea i Rubin. Visok potencijal rodnosti NS-sorti soje došao je do izražaja u ogledima izvedenim u najpovoljnijim agroekološkim uslovima. Naročito u lokalitetima Ruma i Hajdučica gde su Sava, Diva, Venera, Mima, Rubin, Galina i NS-L-201308 ostvarile prinos od blizu pet, ili preko pet tona po hektaru. Sadržaj proteina u zrnu je nizak u većini analiziranih ogleda, dok je sadržaj ulja na visokom nivou. Posmatrano po sortama, nešto veći sadržaj proteina imaju Afrodita, Alisa i Rubin, u proseku iznad 38%, a prosečan sadržaj ulja kod većine analiziranih genotipova soje kreće se od 21% do 23%.