Boron tolerance in twelve NS wheat cultivars

Abstract

High concentrations of micronutrient boron may cause significant yield losses in wheat. One of the consequences of excess boron in wheat is root growth suppression. The objective of this study was to investigate the levels of root growth suppression during germination in the presence of different concentrations of boric acid (0-control, normal boron supply, 50 (B 50), 100 (B 100) and 150 (B 150) mg H3BO3/l). Twelve wheat cultivars, developed at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad, were included in the analyses. The cultivars demonstrated significant differences with respect to root growth suppression at boron treatments. The genotypes were separated by hierarchical cluster analysis in two distinct phenotypic groups. The roots of cultivars Nevesinjka, Rapsodija, Milijana, Helena and Sonata are boron tolerant, whereas Košuta, Partizanka, Simonida, Kantata, Sofija, Balerina and Pesma are sensitive to excess boron.

U koncentraciji višoj od optimalne mikroelement bor može uzrokovati zna- čajne gubitke prinosa pšenice. Jedan od nepovoljnih efekata bora na pšenicu je redukcija rasta korena. Naklijavanjem na filter papiru navlaženom rastvorima H3BO3 koncentracija 0, 50, 100 i 150 mg/l ispitan je stepen redukcije rasta korena kod 12 sorti pšenice poreklom iz Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu. Utvrđena je značajna varijabilnost ispitivanih sorti u pogledu redukcije rasta korena u prisustvu suviška bora. Hijerarhijskom klaster analizom je izvršeno grupisanje genotipova na osnovu fenotipske sličnosti za dato svojstvo i uočene su dve fenotipske grupe. Sorte Nevesinjka, Rapsodija, Milijana, Helena i Sonata su ispoljile tolerantnost na suvišak bora, dok je korenov sistem sorti Košuta, Partizanka, Simonida, Kantata, Sofija, Balerina i Pesma osetljiv na visoke koncentracije ovog elementa.