Kvalitet lana i lanenog ulja

Abstract

Poljoprivredna proizvodnja je u velikoj meri uslovljena klimatskim faktorima. Scenario globalne promene klime predviđa da će naredne godine biti sušne, sa toplijom klimom, koja će imati negativan uticaj na visinu prinosa ratarskih biljaka. Alternativne biljne vrste-ABV, zahvaljujući tolerantnosti prema suši i visokim temperaturama, imaju perspektivu u strukturi ratarske proizvodnje. Za dobijanje visokog i stabilnog prinosa semena alternativnih biljnih vrsta neophodno je pored kvalitetnog sertifikovanog semena primeniti i odgovarajuću sortnu tehnologiju gajenja, prilagođenu zahtevima pojedinih sorti, klimatskim uslovima lokaliteta gajenja i osobinama zemljišta. U ovoj studiji su ispitivani prinosi sorti: prosa (Biserka i Rumenka), heljde (Novosadska), sirka za zrno (Alba i Gold), sirka metlaša (Prima i Reform), konoplje (Helena i Marina), facelije (NS Priora), uljanog lana (NS Primus i NS Marko) i uljane tikve (Olivija i Olinka). Ostvareni prosečni prinosi ABV u 2022. godini bili su na nivou višegodišnjeg proseka. Visoke temperature i nedostatak padavina u kritičnim fazama rasta biljaka su uslovili prosečne i nešto niže prinose. Evidentne su velike i fluktucije prinosa u zavisnosti od primenjenih agrotehničkih mera u toku vegetacionog perioda: vremena setve i navodnjavanja.

Agricultural production is largely conditioned by climatic factors. The scenario of global climate change predicts that the coming years will be dry, with a warmer climate, which will have a negative impact on the yield of agricultural plants. Alternative plant species-APS, thanks to their tolerance to drought and high temperatures, have a perspective in the structure of agricultural production. In order to obtain a high and stable seed yield of alternative plant species, it is necessary, in addition to high-quality certified seed, to apply appropriate varieties cultivation technology, adapted to the requirements of individual varieties, the climatic conditions of the cultivation locality and the characteristics of the soil. In this study, the yields of varieties were examined: millet (Biserka and Rumenka), buckwheat (Novosadska), grain sorghum (Alba and Gold), broom sorghum (Prima and Reform), hemp (Helena and Marina), phacelia (NS Priora), oil flax (NS Primus and NS Marko) and oil pumpkin (Olivija and Olinka). The achieved average yields of APS in 2022 were at the level of the multi-year average. High temperatures and lack of precipitation in the critical stages of plant growth caused average and slightly lower yields. Large yield fluctuations are also evident, depending on the applied agrotechnical measures during the growing season: sowing time and irrigation.