Assessment of production characteristics of NS sunflower hybrids based on small-plot trials

Abstract

A severe drought lasting from sowing till flowering in almost sunflower-growing regions had a negative effect on yields. The drought hampered sowing, reduced emergence and stand density, and increased weediness bringing about yield losses. Weather conditions in the second half of the growing season favorably affected oil synthesis in the regions of Bačka and Banat. In the region of Srem and central Serbia, on the other hand, the oil content was significantly lower. Yields were quite high in the trials, since care was taken to properly implement the growing technology. The highest average seed yield was recorded in the hybrid NS-H-111, followed by Bačvanin, NS-H-43, Velja, NS-H-45, and so on. The highest seed oil content was found in the experimental hybrids NS-H-1312, NS-H-930, and NS-H-69. Among the hybrids used for large-scale commercial production a high oil content was found in Krajišnik and Miro. The highest average oil yield (kg/ha) was obtained using NS-H-111, followed by NS-H-930, Bačvanin, NS-H 43, and others. The trial results show that the right hybrids have been chosen for large-scale commercial sowings, so they should be used for next year sowing as well (2003).

Izražena suša u periodu od setve do cvetanja u skoro svim regionima gajenja suncokreta se negativno odrazila na prinose. Suša je omela setvu, umanjila nicanje, dovela do smanjenja sklopa, povećala zakorovljenost, a time i prinos. Vremenske prilike u drugoj polovini vegetacije povoljno su uticale na sintezu ulja u Bačkoj i Banatu. Dok, u Sremu i centralnom delu Srbije sadržaj ulja je bio značajno niži. Ostvareni prinosi u ogledima su dosta visoki jer je vođena briga o tehnologiji proizvodnje. Najveći prosečni prinos semena je ostvaren kod hibrida NS-H 111, a zatim slede Bačvanin, NS-H-43, Velja, NS-H 45. Najveći sadržaj ulja u semenu imaju eksperimentalni hibridi: NS-H-1312, NS-H-930, NS-H 69. Od hibrida koji se nalaze u masovnoj proizvodnji visok sadržaj ulja imaju Krajišnik i Miro. Najveći prosečni prinos ulja (kg/ha) ostvaren je sa hibridom NS-H-111, a zatim slede NS-H-930, Bačvanin, NS-H-43 itd. Ostvareni rezultati u ogledima pokazuju da je dosadašnji izbor hibrida za setvu u masovnoj proizvodnji bio ispravan i zato istim hibridima treba ukazati poverenje i u narednoj godini (2003).