Molecular characterization of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) accessions of the Serbian GeneBank by SSR fingerprinting

Abstract

Molecular diversity of 145 barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare L.) accessions from the Serbian GenBank was assessed by single sequence repeats (SSR) markers. A set of 15 SSRs, covering all chromosomes of the diploid barley genome with 2-3 SSR markers per chromosome, with a range of 4-18 alleles per locus were used. In total, 15 loci and 119 alleles were detected, with an average of 7.93 alleles per locus. The Polymorphic information content value ranged from 0.220 to 0.782 with a mean value of 0.534. Regarding the growth habit and row type groups, gene diversity was comparatively higher for the spring (0.616) and six-rowed accessions (0.616) than for the winter and two- rowed accessions (0.322 and 0.478, respectively). Analysis of molecular variance showed that all sources of variation were significant (P lt 0.01), but the between-group component was predominant (76.85%) for growth habit and 89.45% for row type. Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) cluster analysis based on the shared allele distance (DSA) matrix estimated on the SSR data assigned the genotypes into two clusters - the first smaller consisting of the six 6-rowed spring cultivars and the second comprising six subclusters. Genotype MBR1012 was separated from all other genotypes that constitute UPGMA tree. The associations of genotypes belonging to different growth habit and row type groups were assessed using Principal Coordinate Analysis revealing separation of winter growth habit group from facultative one. The use of the STRUCTURE clustering algorithm allowed the identification of 2 subpopulations of genotypes.

Molekularni diverzitet 145 genotipova ječma (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare L.) iz Gen Banke Srbije je procenjen SSR markerima. Korišćeno je SSR markera sa svih hromozoma diploidnog genoma ječma u proseku 2-3 markera po hromozomu i sa 4-18 alela po lokusu. Utvrđeno je 15 lokusa i 119 alela sa prosekom od 7.93 alela po lokusu. PIC je bio u opsegu od 0.220 do 0.782 sa prosekom 0.534. Genski diverzitet je bio veći za jare (0.616) i šestorede genotipove (0.616) u odnosu na ozime i dvorede (0.322 i 0.478). Analizom molekularne varijanse utvrđena je značajnost svih izvora variranja (P lt 0.01), ali je međugrupna komponenta dominirala. Primenom metoda UPGMA analize zasnovane na zajedničkoj distanci alela (DSA) na osnovu SSR podataka dobijeno je grupisanje genotipove u dva klastera-jedan manji koji sadrži šest šestoredih jarih genotipova ječma i drugi koji je obuhvatao šest podklastera. Genotip MBR1012 je bio odvojen od svih ostalih genotipova. Korišćenjem metoda Osnovna Analiza Koordinata dobijeno je razdvajanje ozimih genotipova ječma od fakultativnih. Utvrđeno je postojanje dve podpopulacije genotipova primenom algoritma grupisanja STRUCTURE.