Morphological characteristics of different cultivars of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

Abstract

The paper presents one-year results of the basic morphological characteristics and yields of nine cultivars of buck wheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) grown at Bački Petrovac experiment field of Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad. The plant height ranged from 86 to 106 cm, for the cultivars Godijevo and Novosadska, respectively. The smallest average number of leaves (16.7) was found in the cultivar Francuska, the largest (29) in the cultivar Novosadska. The average number of inflorescences ranged from 13.3 to 26.7, in the cultivars Francuska and Češka, respectively. The leaf area per plant ranged from 109.8 cm2 to 181.8 cm2, in the cutlivars Godijevo and Spacinska, respectively. Statistically significant differences between the tested buck wheat cultivars were determined for all morphological characteristics except leaf area. The cultivar Bamby had the lowest average yield (2216 kg ha-1), the cultivar Prekmurska the highest (3660 kg ha-1). A highly significant correlation was found only between the number of leaves and the number of inflorescences. In the given ecological conditions, the cultivars Prekmurska, Češka, Darja and Čebelica could be distinguished for a high average seed yield. .

U radu su dati jednogodišnji rezultati merenja osnovnih morfoloških karakteristika i prinosa devet sorti heljde, Fagopyrum esculentum Moench, gajene na oglednom polju Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad, na lokalitetu Bački Petrovac. Visina biljke kretala se u rasponu od 86 cm kod sorte Godijevo do 106 cm kod sorte Novosadska. Najmanji prosečan broj listova (16,7) utvrđen je kod sorte Francuska, a najveći kod sorte Novosadska (29). Prosečan broj cvasti kretao se u rasponu od 13,3 (sorta Francuska) do 26,7 (Češka). Površina listova po biljci, kretala se u rasponu od 109,8 cm2 (sorta Godijevo) do 181,8 cm2 (sorta Spacinska). Za sve analizirane morfološke karakteristike, izuzev za lisnu površinu, zabeležene su statistički značajne razlike između različitih sorti heljde. Najmanji prosečan prinos zrna imala je sorta Bamby (2216 kgha-1), a najveći sorta Prekmurska (3660 kgha-1). Visoko značajna korelacija ustanovljena je samo između broja listova i broja cvasti. U pogledu prosečnog prinosa zrna izdvajaju se sorte Prekmurska, Češka, Darja i Čebelica. .