The analysis of soil compaction influence on wheat yield and changes in soil on headlands and inner part of fields

Abstract

This paper shows the results of analysis of soil compaction influence on wheat yield, chemical and biological changes in a soil on headland and inner part of a field. During five years of investigation, soil compaction after sowing was 30.56% greater on headland than in the inner part, while before harvest, an increase in soil compaction was 37.65%. Large number of passages, which caused intensified soil compaction on headlands, poor conditions for the root system development, and poor microbiological activities led to yield reduction, which was 31.55% in biological yield and 26.39% in dry grain mass. Chemical analysis of soil on headland and in the inner part of a field showed higher humus concentration on headlands, due to poor microbiological activities.

U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja uticaja sabijanja zemljišta na uvratinama i unutrašnjem delu parcele na prinos pšenice, hemijske i biološke promene u zemljištu. Sabijenost zemljišta na uvratinama tokom 5 godina ispitivanja posle setve bila je za 30.56% veća u odnosu na unutrašnji deo, dok je povećanje sabijenosti zemljišta na uvratini pre ubiranja iznosilo 37.65%. Velik broj prelaza doveo je do intenzivnijeg sabijanja zemljišta na uvratinama, uslovljavajući nepovoljne uslove za razvoj korenovog sistema i slabije mikrobiološke aktivnosti radi čega smanjenje biološkog prinosa iznosi 31.55%, a mase suvog zrna 26.39%. Hemijska analiza sastava zemljišta na uvratini i unutrašnjem delu parcele pokazala je da je veći sadržaj humusa na uvratinama nego u unutrašnjem delu parcele zbog slabije mikrobiološke aktivnosti.