Genotypic specificity of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] plastid pigments content under sowing date and interrow spacing

Abstract

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a legume and the second most planted crop after maize in worldwide. The objective of this study was to evaluate the change in the total plastid pigments content in three soybean varieties depending on the date of sowing and the row spacing was studied during four consecutive years (2018-2021). The Avigea, Isidor and Richi varieties, sown on three dates (I - 28 March - 05 April; II - 19-24 April; III - 09-14 May) at row spacing of 25, 45 and 70 cm were studied in field conditions. The plastid pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids) was determined in fresh plant samples in the beginning of pod formation stage. The total content of plastid pigments and the chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a + chlorophyll b/carotenoids ratios were calculated. The total plastid pigments content varied by years and varieties depending on the date of sowing and row spacing. The date of sowing was found as a factor with stronger effect on the plastid pigments content compared to the row spacing.

Soja [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] je mahunarka i druga najzastupljenija gajena biljka posle kukuruza u svetu. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se proceni promena sadržaja ukupnih plastidnih pigmenata u tri sorte soje u zavisnosti od datuma setve i međurednog razmaka tokom četiri uzastopne godine (2018-2021). U poljskim uslovima proučavane su sorte Avigea, Isidor i Richi, posejane u tri roka (I - 28. mart - 05. april; II - 19-24. april; III - 09-14. maj) na razmaku redova 25, 45 i 70 cm. Plastidni pigmenti (hlorofil a, hlorofil b, karotenoidi) određivani su u svežim biljnim uzorcima u početku faze formiranja mahuna. Izračunati su ukupan sadržaj plastidnih pigmenata i odnos hlorofil a/hlorofil b i hlorofil a + hlorofil b/karotenoidi. Ukupan sadržaj plastidnih pigmenata varirao je po godinama i sortama u zavisnosti od datuma setve i međurednog razmaka.