Variability components of height in broomcorn [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] germplasm

Abstract

The examination of height components variability (stalk height, length of panicle and panicle excretion) in broomcorn germplasm was carried out. The two-year experiment encompassed the collection of 450 broomcorn genotypes. Considering its origin and volume it represents a world broomcorn collection, which includes local populations, grown and perspective varieties of different origin, as well as, a breeding material. Broomcorn germplasm was characterized with high variability for all examined components of height. The highest variability was recorded in the stalk height (43.99%), panicle exertion (39.08%) and the lowest in the panicle length (13.60%). The stalk height, panicle length and panicle exertion varied from 30.6 to 298.0 cm, 50.2 to 117.0 cm and from -29.6 to 23.6 cm, respectively. Broomcorn panicle is harvested manually in practice, so the concept of selection is based on low height varieties with medium long and exerted panicles. Based on obtained results perspective genotypes, not exploited before in breeding programmes, can be selected.

U radu je izvršeno ispitivanje varijabilnosti komponenti visine (visina stabla, dužina metlice i eksponiranost metlice) u germplazmi sirka metlaša. Dvogodišnji ogled je obuhvatao kolekciju od 450 genotipova. S obzirom na njeno poreklo i obim može se tvrditi da se radi o svetskoj kolekciji sirka metlaša, koja obuhvata lokalne autohtone populacije, priznate i perspektivne sorte različitog porekla, kao i materijal proizišao iz programa oplemenjivanja. Germplazma sirka metlaša se odlikuje širokom varijabilnošću za ispitivane komponente visine. U najvećoj meri varira visina stabla (43,99%), zatim eksponiranost metlice (39,08%) a najmanje dužina metlice (13,60%).Visina stabla se kreće u intervalu 30,6-298,0 cm, dužina metlice 50,2-117,0 cm a eksponiranost metlice -29,6-23,6 cm. Pošto se u praksi metlice sirka metlaša skidaju ručno, koncepcija selekcije se uglavnom bazira na stvaranju niskih sorti sa srednjedugačkom eksponiranom metlicom. Na osnovu rezultata ispitivanja mogu se izdvojiti perspektivni genotipovi koji do sada nisu bili eksploatisani u okviru programa oplemenjivanja.