Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) u cvetanju soje gajene u različitim zemljišnim uslovima

Abstract

Zemljište na kojem se usev gaji od velikog je značaja za uspešnu poljoprivrednu proizvodnju. Nepovoljni zemljišni uslovi u pogledu plodnosti, mehaničkog sastava kao i drugih osobina poput sposobnosti retencije vode mogu negativno da utiču na stanje gajenih biljaka i da tokom sezone koju karakterišu sve izraženiji klimatski ekstremi dovedu do gubitka u prinosu. Kao jedan od načina za praćenje stanja biljaka tokom vegetacionog perioda može da posluži NORMALIZED DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX (NDVI). U prethodnim istraživanjima ovaj vegetacioni indeks korišćen je za prikupljanje važnih informacija poput ocene biomase, sadržaja hlorofila, indeksa lisne površine (LAI) ali i prisustva stresa u biljkama u slučaju nepovoljnih uslova. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se ispita uticaj različitih tipova zemljišta na vrednost NDVI indeksa u fazi cvetanja divergentnih genotipova soje. Genotipovi koji su gajeni na peskovitom zemljištu, na zemljištu lošijeg kvaliteta u fazi cvetanja imali su u proseku nižu vrednost NDVI indeksa za preko 8 % u odnosu na isti set genotipova koji je gajen na glinovitom zemljištu sa boljim vodno-vazdušnim osobinama i većom plodnosti.

The soil on which the crop is grown is of great importance for successful agricultural production. Unfavorable conditions in terms of fertility, mechanical composition, and other soil properties such as the ability to retain water can negatively affect the cultivated plants during the season with climatic extremes which can lead to yield loss. The NORMALIZED DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX (NDVI) can be used to monitor plant condition during the vegetation period. In previous research, this index was used to assess important information such as biomass, chlorophyll content, LEAF AREA INDEX (LAI), and also the presence of stress in plants in case of unfavorable conditions. This study aimed to examine the influence of different soil types on the NDVI value in the flowering phase of diverse soybean germplasm. Genotypes grown on low-quality sandy soil in the flowering phase had on average a lower value of NDVI index by over 8% compared to the same set of genotypes grown on clay soil with better water-air properties and higher fertility.