Effects of production methods on seed vigour of soybean seeds

Abstract

The seed accelerated ageing test is one of the most important tests for testing seed vigour, which provides the determination of the degree of preservation for germination and the determination of the duration of the seed storage. The aim of this study was to observe effects of two different production methods (organic and conventional) on seed vigour of soybean cultivar Kaća, by the application of the seed accelerated ageing test. The seeds were exposed to stress conditions for 72 h (temperature of 45 ºC and air humidity of 100%). After the test was applied, the number of non-germinated seeds of organically produced soybean increased, which resulted in the reduction of the germination percentage. Compared to the standard laboratory method, after the seed accelerated ageing test was applied, the length of the seedling above-ground part (121.63 mm), fresh weight of the seedling above-ground part (8.9 g) and dry weight of the seedling above-ground part (1,05 g) were higher. Moreover, the length (100.25 mm), fresh (1.26 g) and dry weight (0.1 g) of the root were also higher. After the test was applied, the percentage of the off-type seedlings (10.75%) and non-germinated seeds (26%) was higher in conventionally produced soybean seeds, while the length of the seedling above-ground part (100.63 mm), root length (106.75 mm) and root fresh weight (1.39 g) were lower.

Test ubrzanog starenja semena jedan je od najvažnijih testova za ispitivanje životne sposobnosti semena, koji omogućava utvrđivanje stepena očuvanja klijavosti i određivanje dužine perioda čuvanja semena u skladištu. Cilj ovog rada bio je da se ispita uticaj dva različita načina proizvodnje – organskog i konvencionalnog – na životnu sposobnost semena soje sorte Kaća, primenom testa ubrzanog starenja. Seme je izlagano stresnim uslovima temperature od 45 ºS i vlažnosti vazduha (100%) u trajanju od 72 časa. Nakon primene testa došlo je do povećanja broja neklijalog semena organske soje, čime je smanjen procenat klijavosti. U odnosu na standarni laboratorijski metod, nakon testa ubrzanog starenja dužina nadzemnog dela klijanca (121,63 mm), masa svežeg nad­ zemnog dela klijanca (8,9 g) i masa osušenog nadzemnog dela klijanca (1,05 g) bili su veći, dok su dužina (100,25 mm), sveža (1,26 g) i suva masa (0,1 g) korena bili veći kod standardnog laboratorijskog metoda. Nakon testa ubrzanog stare nja zabeležen je veći procenat atipičnih klijanaca (10,75%) i neklijalog semena (26%) kod konvencionalne soje, dok je s druge strane došlo do smanjenja dužine nadzemnog dela klijanca (100,63 mm), dužine korena (106,75 mm) i sveže mase korena (1,39 g).