Productivity and Tuber Quality of Helianthus Tuberosus L. Cultivated on Different Soil Types in Serbia

Abstract

In this paper were studied the morphological characteristics, productivity and tuber quality of the Jerusalem artichoke grown in different soil types. The study was conducted on soils of different texture and agrochemical properties: humoglay (the locality: Ivanovo 1), alluvium (the locality: Ivanovo 2) and chernozem on loess and partially gleyed soil (the locality: Starcevo). Prior to the experiment setting, the agrochemical analyses of the soil were conducted, and the mechanical composition was determined. Field experiments were carried out in the years 2007, 2008 and 2009 in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Of the total number of observed indicators, in six was recorded significant variability: average tuber weight (AWT), number of tubers per plant (NTP), fresh tuber: yield per plant (FTYP), average depth of excavation (ADE), total sugar content (TS) and alpha-amino-N (alpha AN), whereas in the other six, there were no statistically significant variations. In this group, there are the following indications: tuber length (TL), potassium (K), sodium (Na), total nitrate (TN), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P). Tuber colour (TC) and tuber shape (TSh) are presented descriptively. According to the examined parameters, the best soil type was the chernozem one with signs gleyzation in loess.