Yellow rust threatens to halve the wheat yield

Abstract

In the 2013/14 production year, there was a strong appearance of rust on wheat at several locations in Vojvodina and Serbia. According to symptoms, colors, shapes and sizes of urediospores and teliospores the causal agent of yellow rust Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici dominated. The infection intensities ranged from 40 to 60% on some field sites, and at the genetic collection field trials intensities were up to 90%. This pathogen has not been a major issue in the Serbia wheat production, and there is no study of the virulence of its population. There has been report of the emergence of new races of yellow rust in England, France, Spain, Germany, Sweden and Denmark. This pathogen rapidly spreads through the wind and passengers from all over the world and a new race for a very short period of time can pass from one continent to the other. All that facts are reasons for a serious suspicion that there is the appearance of the new race(s) of yellow rust on wheat in Serbia.

U proizvodnoj 2013/14. godini, na više lokaliteta u Vojvodini i Srbiji, došlo je do jače pojave rđa na pšenici. Na osnovu simptomatoloških karakteristika, boje, oblika i veličine uredo i teleutospora, dominira Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici - prouzrokovač žute rđe. Na pojedinim parcelama u proizvodnji intenzitet zaraze kreće se od 40 do 60%, a u genetskoj kolekciji na Rimskim Šančevima i do 90%. Ovaj patogen do sada nije predstavljao veći problem u proizvodnji pšenice u Srbiji, pa se nije ni radilo na proučavanju virulentnosti njegove populacije. U Engleskoj, Francuskoj, Španiji, Nemačkoj, Švedskoj i Danskoj je došlo do pojave novih rasa žute rđe. Ovaj patogen veoma brzo se širi putem vetra i putnika i nova rasa za veoma kratko vreme može sa jednog kontinenta preći na drugi kraj sveta. Iz tih razloga postoje opravdane sumnje da je u Srbiji došlo do pojave nekih od već opisanih ili do pojave nove ili novih rasa žute rđe na pšenici.