Soil contamination in south Backa region of Serbia with dangerous and harmful substances

Abstract

Soil samples in disturbed state were taken in order to control fertility and monitor contents of harmful and hazardous substances in Vojvodina soils and possibilities of soil degradation in general. Moderately contaminated soils were selected for examination. Microbial activity in contaminated soil and the impact of harmful and hazardous substances (pesticides) on soil microorganisms were observed and most resistant microorganisms were isolated. Vegetation experiments were organized to study the effect of chelating agents EDTA and EDDS on copper adoption and translocation in rapeseed and sunflower. Importance of some ions in the complexation of copper chelators and their undesirable effects on copper uptake were established. Field trials were organized to study the effect of hydrogel on water uptakes by plants, increase in rate and the increase in rate of removal of hazardous and harmful substances from soil solution. At all phases of the project, we monitored the effectiveness of soil bioremediation soils by means of the application of chelating agents, stimulative preparations such as hydrogel and certain microorganisms. It effectiveness was measured in terms of plant growth rate and intensity in removal of hazardous and harmful substances from contaminated soil.

U cilju kontrole plodnosti i sagledavanja sadržaja opasnih i štetnih materija u zemljištima Južnobačkog okruga i njegove degradacije (u širem smislu), odabrana su umereno zagađena zemljišta. Praćena je mikrobiološka aktivnost u uzorcima zagađenog zemljišta, kao i uticaj opasnih i štetnih materija (pesticida) na prisutne mikroorganizme u zemljištu, a izdvojene su grupe najotpornijih mikroorganizama. U vegetacionim ogledima ispitan je uticaj helatora EDDS i EDTA na usvajanje i translokaciju bakra kod uljane repice i suncokreta. Utvrđen je značaj uticaja pojedinih jona na kompleksiranje bakra sa helatorima, kao i njihovo smetajuće dejstvo. U poljskim uslovima praćen je uticaj hidrogela na vodni režim biljaka, povećanje prinosa i iznošenja opasnih i štetnih materija iz zemljišnog rastvora. Praćen je efekat elemenata koji pospešuju i uvećavaju bioremedijaciju zemljišta primenom helatora, stimulativnih preparata tipa hidrogel ili određenih sojeva mikroorganizama u cilju pojačavanja rasta biljaka i povećanog iznošenja opasnih i štetnih materija iz zagađenih zemljišta.