Analyses of pesticide active materials losses during sunflower seed treatment with different seed treater

Abstract

Seed treatment with fungicides and insecticides is very good way for plant protection according economic and ecological aspects. That is especially important in early way of plant growing. Treating of seed with fungicide and insecitide provide reduce using of pesticides comparing with treatment with sprayer in the field. Seed treatment is last phase of seed preparing for the sowing and seed treater is equipment for seed treating. In this paperwork are shown results of research which was done in 'Institute for field and vegetable crops' in Novi Sad. Aim of this research was to check percentage of pesticide active materials losses during sunflower seed treatment with two seed treaters (B-10 and CC-50). Results of this research will be base for measures propose which should reduce fungicide losses in the future. Analyses of active materials losses shown as that seed treater B-10 had bigger losses. This bigger losses was expected because seed treater CC-50 it technical improve and better treater then B-10. Analyze of pesticide active materials losses on different hybrids shown that the best results had seed of hybrid Duško. That is because hybrid Duško only have smoothness seed pericarp.

Tretiranje semena fungicidima i insekticidima predstavlja, s ekonomskog i ekološkog aspekta, povoljan način zaštite ratarskih kultura od bolesti i štetočina u ranim fazama razvoja biljaka. Nanošenjem na seme upotrebljava se znatno manja količina pesticida nego kada se radi o folijarnim ili tretmanima zemljišta po celoj površini ili u trake. Hemijsko tretiranje semena je završna faza dorade i vrši se na specijalnim uređajima za zaprašivanje semena - zaprašivačima. U ovom radu su prikazani rezultati komparativnog ispitivanja dva zaprašivača (B-10 i CC-50), koja se koriste u doradi hibridnog semena suncokreta 'Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo' u Novom Sadu. Ispitivanje je obavljeno na hibridima suncokreta Rimi PR, Duško, Baća i NS-H-111. Najbolji rezultat je ostvaren tretiranjem semena hibrida Duško je jedino taj hibrid ima gladak i nenaboran perikarpa pogodan za zaprašivanje. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da zaprašivač B-10 ostvaruje veće gubitke. Lošiji rezultat zaprašivača B-10 je posledica starije tehnologije i tehničkih karakteristika ovog zaprašivača u odnosu na drugi ispitivani zaprašivač CC-50.