Germination and vigor of soybean seed produced under different agro-meteorogical conditions

Abstract

International seed trade considers seed germination as the main indicator of the seed quality. Different results of seed germination under laboratory conditions and emergence in the field encouraged the development of the concept of the seed vigor and the term of vigor. Seed viability or vigor presents a set of those traits that affect seed germination and the establishment of strong and healthy seedlings under different environmental conditions. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of locality and production year on germination and vigor of soybean seed. The testing was performed on 6 soybean varieties (Valjevka, Bojana, Balkan, Novosađanka, Vojvođanka i Morava) produced in the towns of Inđija and Vrbas in 2009 and 2010. The seed germination of all samples was determined by using standard laboratory and vigor tests (Cold test and Accelerated aging test). When the standard laboratory test was applied the seed germination of all tested varieties produced in 2009 in Inđija ranged from 78% to 87%, and from 94% to 99% in Vrbas. The germination of seeds produced in 2010 in both localities was higher in all tested varieties in relation to 2009. When the accelerated aging test was applied the germination of seeds produced in Inđija in 2009 was statistically significantly lower (67-85%) in all tested varieties in comparison to seed germination obtained by the standard laboratory test (78-87%). The seed germination obtained by the application of the cold test was statistically significantly lower (25-90%) for the seed produced in Inđija in comparison to the value obtained for the seeds produced in Vrbas (80-97) for both years of production.

Međunarodna trgovina semena, kao osnovni pokazatelj kvaliteta uzima klijavost semena. Različiti rezultati ispitivanja klijavosti semena u laboratorijskim uslovima i nicanja u polju podstakli su razvoj koncepta životne sposobnosti semena i pojma vigora. Životna sposobnost semena ili vigor predstavlja skup onih osobina semena koje utiču na klijavost semena i formiranje snažnog i zdravog ponika u različitim uslovima spoljašnje sredine. Cilj rada je bio da se utvrdi uticaj lokaliteta i godine proizvodnje na klijavost i vigor semena soje. Ispitivanja su izvršena na 6 sorata soje (Valjevka, Bojana, Balkan, Novosađanka, Vojvođanka i Morava) proizvedenih u Inđiji i Vrbasu u 2009 i 2010. godini. Kod svih uzoraka utvrđena je klijavost semena primenom standardnog laboratorijskog metoda i vigor testova (hladni test i test ubrzanog starenja). Primenom standardnog laboratorijskog metoda klijavost semena, kod svih ispitivanih sorata na lokalitetu Inđija, proizvedenih u 2009. godini, se kretala od 78% do 87%, a na lokalitetu Vrbas od 94% do 99%. Klijavost semena proizvedenog u 2010 godini, na oba lokaliteta je bila veća, kod svih ispitivanih sorti, u odnosu na 2009. godinu. Primenom testa ubrzanog starenja klijavost semena proizvedenog na lokalitetu Inđija u 2009. godini, kod svih ispitivanih sorata je bila statistički značajno niža (67-85%) u odnosu na klijavost semena dobijenu standardnim laboratorijskim metodom (78-87%). Klijavost semena dobijena primenom hladnog testa, u obe godine proizvodnje, na lokalitetu Inđija (25-90%) je bila statistički značajno niža u odnosu na vrednosti dobijen za seme proizvedeno na lokalitetu Vrbas (80-97).