Sclerotinia wilt occurrence on sunflower in Vojvodina, Serbia

Abstract

Sclerotinia sclerotiorim is a facultative parasite that can cause diseases on more than 400 plant species. Sclerotinia wilt presence was observed in Vojvodina during the period 2007-2009 at seven sites (Bečej, Kikinda, Kula, Pančevo, Sombor, Vršac and Zrenjanin). Assessment was done on 8 hybrids (Baća, Bačvanin, Branko, Duško, NS-H-111, Sremac, Šumadinac and Velja). Disease intensity was calculated according to McKinney's formula. AMMI analysis was used in order to estimate stability of hybrid tolerance to Sclerotinia wilt in different environments. Average Sclerotinia wilt occurrence on sunflower was the lowest in 2007 and the highest in 2009. Sclerotinia wilt was not observed in Zrenjanin and Vršac in 2007, nor in Pančevo in 2008. The lowest average Sclerotinia wilt occurrence during 3-year period was in Sombor and Pančevo. Hybrids Duško, NS-H-111, Sremac and Velja can be recommended for future growing on sites where Sclerotinia wilt of sunflower occurs.

Fakultativni parazit Sclerotinia sclerotiorum izaziva bolesti na više od 400 biljnih vrsta. Pojava bele truleži korena suncokreta na teritoriji Vojvodine je praćena tokom trogodišnjeg perioda (2007-2009) u sedam lokaliteta (Bečej, Kikinda, Kula, Pančevo, Sombor, Vršac i Zrenjanin), a u svakom lokalitetu je bilo ocenjeno osam hibrida (Baća, Bačvanin, Branko, Duško, NS-H-111, Sremac, Šumadinac i Velja). Stepen osetljivosti biljaka je izračunat po McKinney formuli. AMMI analizom je vršena procena stabilnosti hibrida na tolerantnost prema beloj truleži korena u različitim lokalitetima. Prosečna zastupljenost ovog oboljenja u 2007. godini je bila najniža, a u 2009. godini najviša. Bela trulež korena suncokreta u 2007. godini nije registrovana u Zrenjaninu i Vršcu, a u 2008. godini u Vršcu i Pančevu. Najniža prosečna pojava ove bolesti u trogodišnjem periodu je bila u Somboru i Pančevu. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata hibridi Duško, NS-H-111, Sremac i Velja se mogu preporučiti za gajenje u lokalitetima na kojima se javlja bela trulež korena suncokreta.