Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and their effect on maize

Abstract

Free-living soil bacteria beneficial to plant growth are usually referred to as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), capable of promoting plant growth by colonizing the plant root. Application of PGPR to increase the yield is limited by variability among the results obtained in the laboratory, in greenhouse and field. Rhizobacteria that promote plant growth (PGPR) participate in interactions with plants (rice, wheat, maize, sugarcane, sugar beet, cotton) and significantly increase their vegetative growth and yield. Apart from Azotobacter and Azospirillum, PGPR also include Acetobacter, Azoarcus and several species of Enterobacteriaceae (Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, and Pseudomonas). PGPR represent an alternative to plant growth enhancement chemicals.

Bakterije koje žive slobodno u zemljištu a pozitivno utiču na rast biljaka najčešće se karakterišu kao bakterije koje pospešuju biljni rast - PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) a sposobne su da to čine time što koloniziraju koren biljaka. Primena PGPR za povećanje prinosa limitirana je varijabilnošću između rezultata dobijenih u laboratoriji, u staklari i u polju. Niz rizobakterija koje pospešuju biljni rast (PGPR) učestvuje u interakcijama sa biljkama (pirinač, pšenica, kukuruz, šećerna trska, šećerna repa, pamuk) i značajno povećava njihov vegetativni rast i prinos. U PGPR pored Azotobacter- a i Azospirillum-a svrstavaju se i Acetobacter, Azoarcus, te nekoliko vrsta Enterobacteriaceae (Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Pseudomonas). PGPR predstavljaju alternativu upotrebi hemijskih sredstava za poboljšanje rasta biljaka.