Effect of desiccation moment on 1000-seed weight in sunflower

Abstract

The experiment was carried out at Rimski Šančevi during 2009 in order to investigate the effect of chemical desiccation on 1000-seed weight in three sunflower lines, and to determine the optimal moment for performing desiccation. Desiccation was carried out with herbicide Reglone forte (2 l/ha) repeatedly each 7 days, starting from the end of flowering to harvest maturity. All three lines showed highly significant differences in weight of 1000 seeds, and a highly significant effect of a moment of desiccation on 1000-seed weight. The lowest weight was determined when the treatment was performed 7 days after flowering and the highest when the treatment was performed 28 days after flowering with seed moisture content of 22.23%. The results show that this is the optimal time for chemical desiccation. There was no significant difference in 1000-seed weight between the treatment 28 days after flowering and the following treatments, suggesting that seed filling had been finished.

Ogled je postavljen 2009. na Rimskim Šančevima sa ciljem da se ispita uticaj hemijske desikacije na masu 1000 semena kod tri linije suncokreta, kao i da se utvrdi optimalni momenat za njeno izvođenje. Desikacija je vršena preparatom Reglone forte sa dozom 2 l/ha. Tretiranje je vršeno svakih 7 dana, počev od završetka cvetanja do postizanja žetvene zrelosti. Kod sve tri linije utvrđena je visoko značajna razlika u masi 1000 semena, kao i visoko značajan uticaj momenta desikacije na masu 1000 semena. Najniža masa utvrđena je kod tretmana 7 dana posle cvetanja, a najviša kod tretmana 28 dana posle cvetanja, pri vlažnosti semena od 22,23%. Može se zaključiti da je sa aspekta mase 1000 semena, upravo to optimalno vreme za izvođenje hemijske desikacije. Između tretiranja 28 dana posle cvetanja i kasnijih tretmana nije bilo značajne razlike u masi 1000 semena, što govori da je završeno nakupljanje rezervnih materija u semenu.