Interaction hybrid × planting date for oil yield in sunflower

Abstract

The aim of the study was to assess the effects of hybrids and planting dates as well as their interaction on oil yield in sunflower for three-year experiment (2005, 2006, 2007). Three sunflower hybrids (Miro, Rimi and Pobednik) and eight planting dates were included in the experiment. AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) analysis is one of the mainly used multiplicative models, which evaluates main effects and also interaction. The interaction was detected by using AMMI1 biplot. Oil yield was predominantly influenced by the year of growing (58.9%), then by planting date (12.9%) and by hybrid (10.7%). All interactions were significant as well. AMMI ANOVA showed high significance of both IPC1 and IPC2. The contribution of IPC1 was 77.5%. Hybrids Miro and Pobednik showed no significant differences in the mean values, which were higher than average. However, the hybrid Miro showed the highest stability for oil yield. Hybrid Rimi, with the lowest mean value, was the most unstable for the examined character. Oil yield was higher in earlier than in later planting dates. Graphical presentation of AMMI1 in the form of biplot could facilitate the choice of stable hybrids and planting dates for desired characters in sunflower.

Cilj rada je bio da se ispita efekat hibrida, roka setve i njihove interakcije na prinos ulja suncokreta u trogodišnjim ispitivanjima (2005, 2006, 2007). U eksperiment su bila uključena tri hibrida (Miro, Rimi, Pobednik) i osam rokova setve. AMMI (metod glavnih efekata i višestruke interakcije) je jedan od najznačajnijih i najviše korišćenih multivarijacionih modela, koji osim glavnih efekata (hibrid, rok setve) otkriva i interakciju. Interakcija je prikazana pomoću AMMI1 biplota, za čiju izradu je korišćen excel (macro). Prinos ulja bio je u najvećoj meri uslovljen godinom ispitivanja (58,9%), zatim rokom setve (12,9%) i hibridom (10,7%), a i sve interakcije su pokazale visoku značajnost. AMMI ANOVA pokazala je visoku značajnost obe glavne komponente (IPC1 i IPC2). Najveći deo varijacije pripao je IPC1 (77,5%). Hibridi Pobednik i Miro nisu se značajno razlikovali u srednjim vrednostima, koje su bile iznad opšteg proseka. Međutim, Miro je pokazao visoku stabilnost za prinos ulja. Hibrid Rimi, sa značajno najnižom srednjim vrednošću, bio je i najnestabilniji za ovu osobinu. Prinos ulja bio je veći u ranijim u odnosu na kasnije rokove setve. Grafički prikaz AMMI1 biplota može pomoći u izboru stabilnih hibrida i rokova setve za željene osobine.