Mode of inheritance and combining abilities for kernel row number, kernel number per row and grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.)

Abstract

Utilization of heterosis requires the study of combining abilities of potential parents. In view of this, the objective of this paper was to study combining abilities and determine the mode of inheritance and gene effects for the main agronomic character, grain yield, and its components, kernel row number and kernel number per row. Six inbred lines were used in the study, three of which originated in the U.S., while the other three were developed at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad. Kernel row number was inherited by superdominance, partial dominance, complete dominance and intermediacy. The mode of inheritance of kernel number per row and grain yield was superdominance. Additive gene action had the greatest influence on the expression of kernel row number, while the other two traits were influenced the most by nonadditive gene.

Iskorištavanje heterozisa zahteva poznavanje kombinacionih sposobnosti potencijalnih roditelja. Imajući ovo u vidu cilj ovog rada je bio proučavanje kombinacionih sposobnosti i utvrđivanje načina nasleđivanja prinosa zrna, kao glavne agronomske osobine, i komponenti prinosa zrna, broj redova zrna na klipu i broj zrna na klipu. U radu je korišteno 6 inbred linija, od kojih su 3 poreklom iz SAD, a 3 su razvijene u Institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu. Način nasleđivanja broja redova zrna na klipu bila je superdominacija, parcijalna dominacija, puna dominacija i intermedijarnost, a kod broja zrna na klipu i prinosa zrna po biljci u svim hibridnim kombinacijama pojavila se superdominacija. Aditivni efekat gena imao je najveći uticaj na ekspresiju broja redova zrna na klipu, dok je za druge dve proučavane osobine ustanovljeno da je neaditivan efekat gena imao najveći uticaj.