Productivity of NS sunflower hybrids in multilocational small-plot trials and recommendations for 2009 sowing season

Abstract

This paper presents the results of productivity traits (seed yield, oil content and oil yield) of NS sunflower hybrids grown in a network of small-plot trials in Vojvodina and central Serbia in 2008 as well as recommendations for the 2009 sowing season. The hybrid × location interaction is evaluated by the AMMI model. The small-plot trials made use of 20 NS sunflower hybrids and 13 locations in Vojvodina and 4 in central Serbia. Seed yield, oil content and oil yield were significantly different in the small-plot trials in the investigated regions. In Vojvodina the highest average seed yield was produced by the hybrid Duško (3.79 t/ha), followed by Velja (3.67 t/ha), Sremac (3.62 t/ha), Kazanova (3.60 t/ha), Baća (3.60 t/ha) and Vladimir (3.59 t/ha). In central Serbia, the hybrid Sremac (3.48 t/ha) achieved the highest seed yield. The highest average seed yield was achieved in the locality Krčedin (4.02 t/ha). In five locations in Vojvodina, seed yield was over 3.5 t/ha (Donji Petrovci, Kovin, Rimski Šančevi, Sombor, Neštin). In 2008 the average oil content for the 20 hybrids in Vojvodina was 47.72%. The highest oil content was found in the hybrid Baća (50.22%). In central Serbia oil content varied between 43.23% (NS-H-45) and 48.92% (Plamen). Average oil yield (1.66 t/ha) in 2008 for all the hybrids and locations in Vojvodina was significantly higher than in the region of central Serbia, with the average of 1.42%. In a four-year trial in Vojvodina the hybrids Sremac (3.11 t/ha), Šumadinac (2.96 t/ha) and Velja (2.90 t/ha) proved their worth by producing the highest seed yield. AMMI biplot for seed yield showed that the hybrid Duško had the highest adaptability in all locations, because the interaction had the lowest value. Also, low interaction effects were stated by the hybrids Kazanova, Vladimir and Baća. These hybrids had above-average seed yields for the whole of the small-plot trials in 2008. The hybrids Baća, Duško, Kazanova, Vladimir, Milan and Sremac, which had mean values above the general mean for oil yield, also had low interaction effects.

U radu su prikazani rezultati proizvodnih osobina (prinos semena, sadržaj ulja i prinos ulja) novosadskih hibrida suncokreta u mreži mikroogleda izvedenih u Vojvodini i centralnoj Srbiji u toku 2008. godine. Data je i preporuka sortimenta za 2009. godinu. Interakcija hibrid × lokalitet ocenjena je primenom AMMI modela. U ispitivanju je bilo 20 hibrida i 13 lokaliteta u Vojvodini i 4 u centralnoj Srbiji. Prinos semena, sadržaj ulja i prinos ulja su se u mreži mikroogleda značajno razlikovali u ispitivanim regionima. U Vojvodini, najveći prosečan prinos semena ostvario je hibrid Duško (3.79 t/ha). Visok prinos semena utvrđen je i kod hibrida Velja (3.67 t/ha), Sremac (3.62 t/ha), Kazanova (3.60 t/ha), Baća (3.60 t/ha) i Vladimir (3.59 t/ha). Najveći prosečan prinos semena u centralnoj Srbiji ostvario je hibrid Sremac (3.48 t/ha). Na lokalitetu Krčedin postignut je najveći prosečan prinos semena (4.02 t/ha). Na pet lokaliteta u Vojvodini, prinos semena bio je iznad 3.5 t/ha (Donji Petrovci, Kovin, Rimski Šančevi, Sombor, Neštin). U 2008. godini prosečan sadržaj ulja za 20 ispitivanih hibrida u regionu Vojvodine iznosio je 47.72%. Najveći sadržaj ulja postigao je hibrid Baća (50.22%). U regionu centralne Srbije sadržaj ulja se kretao od 43.23% (NS-H-45) do 48.92% (Plamen). Opšti prosek prinosa ulja (1.66 t/ha) za sve hibride i lokalitete u Vojvodini tokom 2008. godine, bio je značajno veći u odnosu na lokalitete u centralnoj Srbiji, gde je prinos ulja u proseku iznosio 1.42 t/ha. U četvorogodišnjim ispitivanjima u Vojvodini najveći prosečan prinos semena su postigli hibridi Sremac (3.11 t/ha), Šumadinac (2.96 t/ha) i Velja (2.90 t/ha). AMMI biplot prinosa semena je pokazao da je hibrid Duško visoko adaptabilan na svim ispitivanim lokalitetima, zbog malog efekta interakcije. Pored njega veoma mali efekat interakcije uočen je kod hibrida Kazanova, Vladimir i Baća. Kod ovih hibrida prinos semena je bio na nivou opšteg proseka mikroogleda u 2008. godini. Najmanji efekat interakcije pokazali su hibridi Baća, Duško, Kazanova, Vladimir Milan i Sremac, koji su imali i prinos ulja iznad opšteg proseka.