Effect of various storage conditions on viability of treated sunflower seed

Abstract

It is very important to keep the quality of the sunflower seed, which must be kept in the warehouses. The standard treatment of sunflower seed was treatment with the fungicide. New trend for the seed quality improvement is treatment with the insecticides as well. Seed germination energy of hybrid NS-H-111 that was kept in cooling chamber was higher then the energy of seed that was kept in the warehouse for the 4.31 %. This difference was statistically significant. Seed treated with fludioxonil + metalaxil + imidakloprid that was kept in the cooling chamber, has the higher germination energy for 13.5 % the then the seed kept in the warehouse. The difference was highly significant. Seed kept in the cooling chamber had, in average, higher germination for the 3.94 % in relation of the seed kept in the warehouse. In average, for Sremac hybrid, the highest values of seed germination were when the seed was kept in the warehouse. This difference wasn't statistically significant in relation to the other two examinations. The germination energy was higher at fludioxonil + metalaxil + tiametoxam treatment (93.75 %). Investigation of Sremac seed germination in different storage conditions, in average, hasn't any statistically significant effects. The highest germination was at treatment fludioxonil + metalaxil + tiametoxam and its amount was 94.92 %. This is statistically significant difference in relation to fludioxonil + metalaxil + imidakloprid treatment (for 5.09 %). Seed without treatment, which is kept in the cooling chamber, had the highest germination energy.

Hibridno seme suncokreta, koje je proizvedeno u jednoj godini, često se ne utroši za setvu u narednoj vegetaciji. U svim ovim slučajevima ono se mora čuvati u skladištima, pri tome treba očuvati kvalitete semena. Suncokret se standardno nakon dorade tretira fungicidima. Novi pravac u poboljšanju kvaliteta semenske robe je tretiranje hibridnog semena insekticidima. Energija klijanja semena hibrida NS-H-111 koje je čuvano u hladnoj komori bila je statistički značajno veća u odnosu seme iz skladišta za 4.31 %. Visoko signifikantna razlika ispoljila se kod tretmana fludioxonil+metalaxil+imidakloprid, gde je seme čuvano u hladnoj komori imalo energiju klijavosti veću za 13.5 % u odnosu na seme čuvano u skladištu. Seme čuvano u hladnoj komori imalo je, u proseku, veću klijavost za 3.94 % u odnosu na skladište. Kod hibrida Sremac, u proseku, najveća vrednost energije klijanja bila je pri čuvanju semena u skladištu, međutim ona nije bila statistički značajna u odnosu na druga dva ispitivanja. Kod ispitivanih tretmana najveća vrednost energije klijanja, u proseku, bila je najveća kod varijante fludioxonil+metalax- il+tiametoxam (93.75 %). Ispitivanje klijavosti semena hibrida Sremac u različitim uslovima čuvanja, u proseku nije pokazalo statistički značajne efekte. Najveća klijavost bila je kod tretmana fludioxonil+metalaxil+tiametoxam i iznosila je 94.92 %. Ova vrednost ispoljila je statistički visoko signifikantnu vrednost u odnosu na tretman fludioxonil+metalaxil+imidakloprid (za 5.09 %). Netretirano seme čuvano u hladnoj komori imalo je najveću klijavost.