Molecular evaluation of genetic variability of wheat elite breeding material

Abstract

Estimation of genetic variability of breeding material is essential for yield improvement in wheat cultivars. Modern techniques based on molecular markers application are more efficient and precise in genetic variability evaluation then conventional methods. Variability of 96 wheat cultivars and lines was analyzed using four microsatellite markers (Gwm11, Gwm428, Psp3200, Psp3071). The markers were chosen according to their potential association with important agronomical traits indicated in the literature. Total of 31 alleles were detected with maximum number of alleles (11) in Xgwm11 locus. The highest polymorphism information content (PIC) value (0,831) was found in the locus Xpsp3071. The genotypes were grouped into three subpopulations based on their similarity in the analyzed loci. The results have indicated wide genetic variability of the studied material and possibility of its application in further breeding process after validation of marker-trait association. .

Primenom molekularnih markera, u odnosu na konvencionalne metode, omogućena je efikasnija, detaljnija i tačnija ocena genetičke varijabilnosti, koja se može koristiti u procesu oplemenjivanja pšenice, a sa ciljem daljeg unapređenja proizvodnih i prerađivačkih potencijala ove biljne vrste. U ovom radu su, za procenu genetičke varijabilnosti 96 sorti i linija pšenice, korišćena 4 mikrosatelitska markera (Gwm11, Gwm428, Psp3200, Psp3071). Izabrani markeri su, prema literaturnim podacima, vezani za važna agronomska svojstva pšenice. Za 4 ispitivana lokusa utvrđeno je postojanje 31 alelne varijante, pri čemu je najveći broj alela lociran u lokusu Xgwm11 (11). Najveća vrednost za polimorfnost pojedinačnih lokusa (PIC) utvrđena je u lokusu Xpsp3071 i iznosila je 0,831. Na osnovu analiziranih lokusa, genotipovi su po sličnosti grupisani u tri podpopulacije. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na postojanje značajne genetičke varijabilnosti u odabranom materijalu, i mogućnost da se ona, nakon validacije veze marker-svojstvo, uspešno iskoristi za dalji oplemenjivački rad. .