Resistance of NS wheat varieties to fusarium head blight in natural conditions of infection

Abstract

Fusarium head blight caused by Fusarium graminearum is a very destructive pathogen and can cause significant losses in yield by total or partial destruction of grain. One of the main ways of control this pathogen is growing resistant varieties. Resistance to F. graminearum was examined on 26 NS wheat varieties in natural conditions of infection, determining the percentage of Fusarium damaged kernels. The loss in weight of wheat kernels due to infection by F. graminearum was determined on the basis of the difference in 1000 kernel weight of healthy kernels and 1000 kernel weight in which were located Fusarium damaged kernels. The percentage of Fusarium damaged kernels was ranged from 1-18.3%. The largest percentage of infected kernels in field conditions had durum wheat varieties Dušan (18.3%) and Durumko (17%). The facultative variety Nevesinjka had 17% Fusarium damaged kernels. The lowest percentage of Fusarium damaged kernels had varieties Zlatka and Sofija (1.3%). Reducing in the 1000 kernel weight was noticed in all the studied varieties and was ranged from 1.6 to 15.1%. Between the percentage of Fusarium damaged kernels and loss in weight of wheat kernels was found a significant correlation (0,59). .

Prouzrokovač fuzarioze klasa (Fusarium graminearum) je veoma destruktivan patogen i može prouzrokovati značajne gubitke u prinosu, potpunom ili delimičnom destrukcijom zrna. Jedan od osnovnih načina njegovog suzbijanja je gajenje otpornih genotipova. Otpornost prema fuzariozi klasa ispitivana je na 26 novosadskih sorti pšenice u uslovima prirodne zaraze, na osnovu procenta zaraženih zrna. Gubitak u masi zrna izračunat je na osnovu razlike između mase 1000 zdravih i mase 1000 zrna među kojima su bila i fuzariozna. U uslovima prirodne zaraze, procenat fuzarioznih zrna kretao se od 1-18.3%. Najveći procenat zaraženih zrna bio je kod sorti durum pšenice Dušan (18.3%) i Durumko (17%). Fakultativna sorta Nevesinjka imala je 17% zaraženih zrna. Najniži procenat fuzarioznih zrna imale su sorte Zlatka i Sofija (1.3%). Smanjenje mase 1000 zrna uočeno je kod svih ispitivanih sorti i kretalo se od 1.6 do 15.1%. Između procenta fuzarioznih zrna i gubitaka u masi 1000 zrna utvrđena je značajna korelacija (0,59). .